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a)
\(Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2} = n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{19,5}{65} =0,3(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(lít)\\ b) m_{ZnCl_2} = 0,3.136 = 40,8(gam)\\ c) n_{HCl} = 2n_{Zn} = 0,6(mol) \Rightarrow V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,6}{2} = 0,3(lít)\\ d) 2H_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2H_2O\\ V_{O_2} = \dfrac{1}{2} V_{H_2} = 3,36(lít)\\ V_{không\ khí} = \dfrac{V_{O_2}}{20\%}= \dfrac{3,36}{20\%} = 16,8(lít)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2(mol)\\ a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6(g)\\ c,n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\)
b) mHCl = 14,6 (g)
V H2 = 4,48 (l)
Giải thích các bước:
a) PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2↑
b) nZn = 13 : 65 = 0,2 mol
Theo PTHH: nHCl = 2.nZn = 0,4 mol
mHCl = 0,4 . 36,5 = 14,6(g)
c) nH2 = nZn = 0,2 mol
VH2 = 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48 (l)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Áp dung định luật BTKL :
\(m_{H_2}=13+14.6-27.2=0.4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0.4}{2}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
\(a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,25.65=16,25\left(g\right)\\ m_{ZnCl_2}=0,25.136=34\left(g\right)\\ b.FeO+H_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow Fe+H_2O\\ Tacó:n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,25.56=14\left(g\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
a: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{52}{65}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n_{HCl}=1.6\left(mol\right)\)
hay \(n_{H_2}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.8\cdot22.4=17.92\left(lít\right)\)
b: \(m_{ZnCl_2}=0.8\cdot136=108.8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0.8\cdot2=1.6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{52}{65}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,8.22,4=17,92\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{HCl}=2.0,8=1,6\left(mol\right)\\ C1:m_{ZnCl_2}=0,8.136=108,8\left(g\right);m_{H_2}=0,8.2=1,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{thu.được}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}=108,8+1,6=110,4\left(g\right)\\ C2:m_{HCl}=1,6.36,5=58,4\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{thu.được}=m_{tham.gia}=m_{Zn}+m_{HCl}=52+58,4=110,4\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
+\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
+\(nH_2=n_{Zn}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
+\(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=1\left(mol\right)\)
+\(V_{H2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(lit\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=1.36,5=36,5\left(gam\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn\) \(+\) \(2\)\(HCl\) → \(ZnCl_2\) \(+\) \(H_2\)
\(0,5\) \(mol\) → \(1\) \(mol\) → \(0,5\)\(mol\) → \(0,5\) \(mol\)
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=n.M=1.36,5=36,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\
m_{HCl}=\left(0,2.36,5\right).10\%=0,73g\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\\
LTL:\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{3}\)
=> Fe2O3 dư
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,067\left(mol\right)\\
m_{Fe}=0,067.56=3,73g\)
a.b.\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{10\%}=73g\)
c.\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1mol\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,1 > 0,1 ( mol )
0,1 1/15 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}.56=3,73g\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{FeCl_2}=127.0,4=50,8\left(g\right)\)
Bài 1 nhé
Bài 2:
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ 2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(mol\right);n_{H_2O}=n_{NaOH}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ C1:m_{sp}=m_{Na_2SO_4}+m_{H_2O}=142.0,15+0,3.18=26,7\left(g\right)\\ C2:m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15.98=14,7\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{sp}=m_{tg}=m_{NaOH}+m_{H_2SO_4}=12=14,7=26,7\left(g\right)\)
\(a,n_{HCl}=1.0,4=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Zn+2HCl\xrightarrow[]{}ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right) \\ V_{H_2}=0,2.22.4=4,48\left(l\right)\)