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a)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2-->0,4----->0,2--->0,2
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
b) mHCl = 0,4.36,5 = 14,6 (g)
=> \(m_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100}{7,3}=200\left(g\right)\)
c)
mdd sau pư = 13 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 212,6 (g)
mZnCl2 = 0,2.136 = 27,2 (g)
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{27,2}{212,6}.100\%=12,8\%\)
nAl = 5,4/27 = 0,2 (mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
nH2 = 0,2 : 2 . 3 = 0,3 (mol)
VH2 = 0,3 . 22,4 = 6,72 (l)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 -> (t°) 2Fe + 3H2O
nFe = 0,3 : 3 . 2 = 0,2 (mol)
a = mFe = 0,2 . 56 = 11,2 (g)
nFe2O3 = 0,3/3 = 0,1 (mol)
mFe2O3 = 0,1 . 160 = 16 (g)
m = 16/60% = 80/3 (g)
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
d, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{7,3\%}=200\left(g\right)\)
⇒ m dd sau pư = 13 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 212,6 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{27,2}{212,6}.100\%\approx12,79\%\)
\(n_{Ba}=\dfrac{24,66}{137}=0,18\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Ba+2H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
0,18 0,18
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,18.22,4=4,032\left(L\right)\\
n_{CuO}=\dfrac{15,2}{80}=0,19\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:H_2+CuO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
\(LTL:0,18< 0,19\)
=> CuO dư
theo pthh : \(n_{CuO\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,18\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Kl}=\left(64.0,18\right)+\left(80.0,1\right)=19,52\left(g\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=\dfrac{40.9}{100}=3,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=9-3,6=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
0,15 ------------------------> 0,15
2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2 ---------------------------> 0,3
\(\rightarrow V_{H_2}=\left(0,15+0,3\right).22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{6,48}{18}=0,36\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: FexOy + yH2 --to--> xFe + yH2O
Theo pthh: \(n_{O\left(oxit\right)}=n_{H_2\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2O}=0,36\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{oxit}=15,12+16.0,36=20,88\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{15,12}{56}=0,27\left(mol\right)\)
CTHH: FexOy
=> x : y = 0,27 : 0,36 = 3 : 4
=> CTHH: Fe3O4 (oxit sắt từ)
mMg = 40%x9 = 3,6(g) =>nMg=3,6:24 = 0,15 (mol)
=> mAl = 9-3,6 = 5,4(g) => nAl = 5,4:27 = 0,2 (mol)
pthh : 2Al+6HCl -> 2AlCl3+3H2
0,2 0,3
Mg+2HCl -> MgCl2 +H2
0,15 0,15
=> nH2 = 0,15 + 0,3 = 0,45 (mol)
=> VH2 = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08 (L)
mH2 = 0,45 . 2 = 0,9 (mol)
áp dụng BLBTKL ta có :
mH2 + moxit sắt = mFe + mH2O
=> moxit sắt = 20,7 (g)
a,\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH : \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c, PTHH : \(PbO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Pb+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH : \(n_{Pb}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Pb}=n.M=0,1.207=20,7\left(g\right)\)
nFe = \(\dfrac{5,6}{56}\) = 0,1mol
Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2( FeCl2 : sắt II clorua)
0,1 ->0,1
=>VH2 = 0,1 .22,4 = 2,24 (l)
H2 + PbO -> H2O + Pb
0,1 ->0,1
=>mPb = 0,1 . 207 = 20,7 g