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Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,4.1,5=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na_2CO_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{K_2CO_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PT: \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\)
\(K_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2KCl+H_2O+CO_2\)
\(HCl_{dư}+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{Na_2CO_3}+n_{K_2CO_3}=x+y\left(mol\right)\) ⇒ x + y = 0,25 (1)
\(n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2x+2y\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,6-2x-2y\left(mol\right)\)
Có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=2n_{Na_2CO_3}+n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,6-2y\left(mol\right)\\n_{KCl}=2n_{K_2CO_3}=2y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 58,5(0,6 - 2y) + 74,5.2y = 39,9 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\left(mol\right)\\y=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,1.106}{0,1.106+0,15.138}.100\%\approx33,9\%\\\%m_{K_2CO_3}\approx66,1\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Bảo toàn khối lượng :
\(m_{O_2}=44.6-28.6=16\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{16}{32}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn O :
\(n_{H_2O}=2n_{O_2}=2\cdot0.5=1\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn H :
\(n_{HCl}=2\cdot n_{H_2O}=2\cdot1=2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{2}{1}=2\left(l\right)\)
Bảo toàn khối lượng :
\(m_{Muối}=44.6+2\cdot36.5-1\cdot18=99.6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_O=\dfrac{44,6-28,6}{16}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=n_{Cl^-}=n_O=2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{muối}=m_{KL}+m_{Cl^-}=28,6+2.35,5=99,6\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{2}{1}=2\left(l\right)\)
PTHH:
Na2CO3 + 2HCl -----> 2NaCl + H2O + CO2 (1)
K2CO3 + 2HCl -----> 2KCl + H2O + CO2 (2)
NaOH + HCl ----> NaCl + H2O (3)
Gọi n Na2CO3 = a , n K2CO3 = b (mol)
Theo pt(1)(2) tổng n CO2= a+b=\(\frac{5,6}{22,4}\)=0,25 (I)
n HCl = 1,5 . 0,4= 0,6 (mol)
Theo pt(1)(2) tổng n HCl pư=2 (a+b)=0,5 (mol)
==> n HCl dư= 0,1 mol
Theo pt(3) n NaCl= n HCl=0,1 mol ==> m NaCl=5,85 (g)
Theo pt(1)(2) n NaCl=2a ==> m NaCl= 117a
n KCl=2b ==> m KCl= 149b
===> 117a + 149b + 5,85 = 39,9
-----> 117a + 149b = 34,05 (II)
Từ (I)và (II) ==> a=0,1 và b=0,15
==>m hh = 0,1 . 106 + 0,15 . 138= 31,3(g)
m Na2CO3=10,6 (g)
%m Na2CO3 = \(\frac{10,6}{31,3}\) . 100%= 33,87%
%m K2CO3 = 10% - 33,87% = 66,13%
\(n_{khí}=\dfrac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{K_2SO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=100a+158b=70.3\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(K_2SO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2KCl+SO_2+H_2O\)
\(n_{khí}=a+b=0.5\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.15,b=0.35\)
\(m_{Muối}=m_{CaCl_2}+m_{KCl}=0.15\cdot111+0.35\cdot2\cdot74.5=68.8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=a\left(mol\right),n_{K_2SO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{hh}=100a+158=70.3\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(K_2SO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2KCl+SO_2+H_2O\)
\(n_{khí}=a+b=0.5\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.15,b=0.35\)
\(m_{Muối}=0.15\cdot111+0.35\cdot2\cdot74.5=68.8\left(g\right)\)
BaCO3 +2 HCl -> BaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
a_____2a________a______a(mol)
CaCO3 +2 HCl -> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
b____2b__________b___b(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}197a+100b=39,7\\a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{0,2.100}{39,7}.100\approx50,378\%\\ \rightarrow\%m_{BaCO_3}\approx100\%-50,378\%\approx49,622\%\)
Khối lượng muối trong Y:
\(m_Y=m_{BaCl_2}+m_{CaCl_2}=208.a+111.b\\ =208.0,1+111.0,2=43\left(g\right)\)
Đặt CTHH của 2 muối là \(M_2CO_3,RCO_3\)
PTHH:
`M_2CO_3 + 2HCl -> 2MCl + CO_2 + H_2O`
`RCO_3 + 2HCl -> RCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O`
`n_{CO_2} = (3,36)/(22,4) = 0,15 (mol)`
Theo PTHH:
`n_{=CO_3} = n_{CO_2} = 0,15 (mol)`
`n_{-Cl} = 2n_{CO_2} = 0,3 (mol)`
`=> m_{muối} = m_{RCO_3} - m_{=CO_3} + m_{-Cl} = 15,3 - 0,15.60 + 0,3.35,5 = 16,95 (g)`
\(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\\ K_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2KCl+CO_2+H_2O\\ BaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\\ ZnCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\\ n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{muối.khan}=43,45+0,3.\left(71-60\right)=46,75\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=0,3\cdot44=13,2\left(g\right)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1}{2}HCl=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2O}=0,3\cdot18=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl}=0,3\cdot2\cdot36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảo toàn khối lượng: \(m_{muối}=m_{hh\left(ban.đầu\right)}+m_{HCl}-m_{H_2O}-m_{CO_2}=46,75\left(g\right)\)