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\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(MCO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+CO_2+H_2O|\)
1 1 1 1 1
0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1
\(n_{MCO3}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Có : \(0,1.\left(M=60\right)=8,4\)
\(\left(M+60\right)=84\)
\(M=84-60=24\left(dvc\right)\)
Vậy kim loại M là magie
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{H2SO4}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{9,8.100}{12,25}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{MgSO4}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{MgSO4}=0,1.120=12\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=8,4+80=88,4\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{MgSO4}=\dfrac{12.100}{88,4}=13,57\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
Mình xin lỗi bạn nhé , bạn bố sung số mol của MgSO4 lên phương trình giúp mình và sửa giúp mình :
Pt : \(MCO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MSO_4+CO_2+H_2O|\)
nNa= 4,6/23=0,2(mol)
PTHH: Na + H2O -> NaOH + 1/2 H2
0,2_______0,2______0,2____0,1(mol)
mNaOH= 0,2.40=8(g)
mddNaOH= mNa ++ mH2O - mH2= 4,6+245,6- 0,1.2=250(g)
=>C%ddNaOH= (8/250).100=3,2%
a, \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4}{15}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{4}{15}.27}{10}.100\%=72\%\\\%m_{Cu}=28\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,4.98=39,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{39,2}{300}.100\%\approx13,067\%\)
\(PTHH:4Al+6HCl\rightarrow2Al_2Cl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
\(n_{Al}=\frac{3,78}{27}=0,14\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\frac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,105\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,105.22,4=2,352\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\frac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\frac{3}{2}.0,14=0,21\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\frac{0,21}{0,2}=1,05\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Al_2Cl_3}=\frac{1}{2}n_{Al}=\frac{1}{2}.0,14=0,07\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2Cl_3}=0,07.160,5=11,235\left(g\right)\)
- Xét phần 1: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
\(2Na+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2\)
a---------------------------->0,5a
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
b----------------------------->b
`=> 0,5a + b = 0,05 (1)`
- Xét phần 2: Đặt hệ số tỉ lệ \(\dfrac{P_2}{P_1}=k\left(k>0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na}=ak\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=bk\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(m_{gi\text{ả}m}=m_{O\left(CuO\right)\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=8-6,72=1,28\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=n_{O\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=\dfrac{1,28}{16}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
ak-------------------------->0,5ak
\(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
0,08-->0,08
`=> 0,5ak = 0,08 <=> ak = 0,16 (2)`
- Xét hỗn hợp ban đầu:
Ta có: \(\dfrac{hhb\text{đ}}{P_1}=\dfrac{P_1+P_2}{P_1}=\dfrac{P_1+k.P_1}{P_1}=k+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na}=a\left(k+1\right)\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(k+1\right)\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow23a\left(k+1\right)+24b\left(k+1\right)=8,2\left(3\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,04\\b=0,03\\k=4\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{0,04.23}{0,04.23+0,03.24}.100\%=56,1\%\\\%m_{Mg}=100\%-56,1\%=43,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)=3360\left(ml\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Fe}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,3=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,2}=0,75\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{HCl\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Ta có: \(m_{ddHCl}=1,25.200=250\left(g\right)\)
⇒ m dd sau pư = 8,4 + 250 - 0,15.2 = 258,1 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,15.127}{258,1}.100\%\approx7,38\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{258.1}.100\%\approx1,41\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Na}=2n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m=0,2.23=4,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=2n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{4,6+75,6-0,1.2}.100=10\%\)