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a) PTHH: \(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)
Ta có: \(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot98}{20\%}=147\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{147}{1,14}\approx128,95\left(ml\right)\)
b) PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{FeSO_4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,3\cdot56=16,8\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot24,76=7,428\left(l\right)\\m_{FeSO_4}=0,3\cdot152=45,6\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Fe}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=163,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{45,6}{163,2}\cdot100\%\approx27,94\%\)
Anh bổ sung câu c)
\(C_{MddNa_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,09879+0,5}=0,4175\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{K_2O}=\dfrac{1,88}{94}=0,02(mol)\\ a,K_2O+H_2O\to 2KOH\\ b,n_{KOH}=0,04(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,5}=0,08M\\ c,n_{KOH}=0,04.50\%=0,02(mol)\\ KOH+HCl\to KCl+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,02(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,02.36,5}{7,3\%}=10(g)\)
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{15,5}{62}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\\ n_{NaOH}=2.0,25=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ a,C_{MddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\left(M\right)\\ b,2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ m_{H_2SO_4}=0,25.98=24,5\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{24,5.100}{20}=122,5\left(g\right)\\ V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{122,5}{1,14}\approx107,456\left(ml\right)\\ c,V_{ddsau}=V_{ddNaOH}+V_{ddH_2SO_4}\approx0,5+0,107456=0,607456\left(l\right)\\C_{MddNa_2SO_4}\approx\dfrac{ 0,25}{0,607456}\approx0,411552\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{K_2O}=\dfrac{23.5}{94}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(K_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2KOH\)
\(0.25...................0.5\)
\(C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0.5}{0.5}=1\left(M\right)\)
\(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+H_2O\)
\(0.5............0.25............0.25\)
\(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.25\cdot98}{20\%}=122.5\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{122.5}{1.14}=107.5\left(ml\right)=0.1075\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{K_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.25}{0.1075+0.5}=0.4\left(M\right)\)
a) $n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{24}{160} = 0,15(mol)$
$n_{H_2SO_4} =0,2.2,5 = 0,5(mol)$
b)
$Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2SO_4 \to Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2O$
Vì :
$n_{Fe_2O_3} : 1 < n_{H_2SO_4} : 3$ nên $H_2SO_4$ dư
$n_{H_2SO_4\ pư} = 3n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,45(mol)$
$n_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = 0,5 - 0,45 = 0,05(mol)$
c)
$n_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3} = n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,15(mol)$
$C_{M_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3}} = \dfrac{0,15}{0,2} = 0,75M$
$C_{M_{H_2SO_4}} = \dfrac{0,05}{0,2} = 0,25M$
$SO_3 + H_2O \to H_2SO_4$
n H2SO4 = n SO3 = 24/80 = 0,3(mol)
20 ml = 0,02 lít
Suy ra :
CM H2SO4 = 0,3/0,02 = 15M