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\(n_{CuO}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Fe_2O_3}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m=80a+160b=20\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0.2\cdot3.5=0.7\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(n_{HCl}=2a+6b=0.7\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.05,b=0.1\)
\(m_{CuO}=0.05\cdot80=4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3}=0.1\cdot160=16\left(g\right)\)
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
BTNT H, có: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2O}\Rightarrow n_{H_2O}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐL BTKL, có: m oxit + mHCl = mmuối + mH2O
⇒ mmuối = 2,8 + 0,1.36,5 - 0,05.18 = 5,55 (g)
Bài 2:
\(m_{KOH}=200.5,6\%=11,2\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2KOH+CuCl_2\rightarrow2KCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
b, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 27x + 24y = 7,8 (1)
Ta có: m dd tăng = mKL - mH2 ⇒ mH2 = 7,8 - 7 = 0,8 (g)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,8}{2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,4\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{7,8}.100\%\approx69,23\%\\\%m_{Mg}\approx30,77\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 65x + 27y = 17,05 (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{9,52}{22,4}=0,425\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,425\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,15.27=4,05\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,5}=0,3\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Ta có: m dd HCl = 1,05.500 = 525 (g)
m dd sau pư = mhh + m dd HCl - mH2 = 541,2 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.136}{541,2}.100\%\approx5,03\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,15.133,5}{541,2}.100\%\approx3,7\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
a______2a (mol)
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
b______6b (mol)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80a+160b=24\\2a+6b=0,8\cdot1=0,8\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot80}{24}\cdot100\%\approx33,33\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=66,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) Pt : CuO + 2HCl → CuCl2 + H2O\(|\)
1 2 1 1
a 2a
Fe2O3 + 6HCl → 2FeCl3 + 3H2O\(|\)
1 6 2 3
b 6b
b) Gọi a là số mol của CuO
b là số mol của Fe2O3
Theo đề ta có : mCuO + MFe2O3 = 24 (g)
⇒ nCuO . MCuO + nFe2O3 . MFe2O3 = 24 g
80a + 160b = 24 g (1)
800ml = 0,8l
Số mol của dung dịch axit clohiric
CMHCl = \(\dfrac{n}{V}\Rightarrow n=C_M.V=1.0,8=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ 2a + 6b = 0,8 (2)
Từ (1),(2), ta có hệ phương trình :
80a + 160b = 24
2a + 6b = 0,8
⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khối lượng đồng (II) oxit
mCuO = nCuO . MCuO
= 0,1. 80
= 8 (g)
Khối lượng của sắt (III) oxit
mFe2O3 = nFe2O3 . MFe2O3
= 0,1. 160
= 16 (g)
0/0CuO = \(\dfrac{m_{CuO}.100}{m_{hh}}=\dfrac{8.100}{24}=33,3\)30/0
0/0Fe2O3= \(\dfrac{m_{Fe2O3}.100}{m_{hh}}=\dfrac{16.100}{24}=66,67\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
a) Do dd sau pư có 3 chát tan với nồng độ % bằng nhau
=> \(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=m_{ZnSO_4}=m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}\)
Gọi số mol Al, Zn là a, b (mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
a----->1,5a------->0,5a----->1,5a
Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
b----->b--------->b----->b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,5a=171a\left(g\right)\\m_{ZnSO_4}=161b\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> 171a = 161b
=> \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{161}{171}\) (1)
Có: \(\dfrac{m_{Al}}{m_{Zn}}=\dfrac{27.n_{Al}}{65.n_{Zn}}=\dfrac{27}{65}.\dfrac{161}{171}=\dfrac{483}{1235}\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=1,5a+b=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) (2)
(1)(2) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{161}{825}\left(mol\right)\\b=\dfrac{57}{275}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(x=\dfrac{161}{825}.27+\dfrac{57}{275}.65=\dfrac{5154}{275}\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,5\dfrac{161}{825}=\dfrac{9177}{275}\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=98\left(1,5a+b\right)+\dfrac{9177}{275}=\dfrac{22652}{275}\left(g\right)\)
=> \(y=\dfrac{\dfrac{22652}{275}.100}{10}=\dfrac{45304}{55}\left(g\right)\)
\(BaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2\\Tacó:n_{BaO} =n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,25.0,4=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{BaO}=0,1.153=15,3\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{20-15,3}{20}.100=30,72\%\)