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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Zn\\Fe\\Mg\end{matrix}\right.+H_2SO_4\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ZnSO_4\\FeSO_4\\MgSO_4\end{matrix}\right.+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(m_{SO_4}=8,25-2,49=5,76\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=n_{SO_4}=\dfrac{5,76}{96}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
a, \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,06.98=5,88\left(g\right)\)
b, \(V_{H_2}=0,06.22,4=1,344\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=a(mol)\\ BTKL:\\ m_{hh}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_Y+m_{H_2}\\ 2,49+98.a= 8,25+2.a\\ \to a=0,06(mol)\\ a/ m_{H_2SO_4}=0,06.98=5,88(g)\\ b/ V_{H_2}=0,06.22,4=1,334(l)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Ta có : \(m_{KL}+m_{SO^{2-}_4}=m_{muối}\)
=> \(m_{SO_4^{2-}}=8,25-2,49=5,76\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{SO_4^{2-}}=\dfrac{5,76}{96}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
Mặc khác : \(2H^++SO_4^{2-}\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)
=>\(n_{SO_4^{2-}}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,06.98=5,88\left(g\right)\)
b) Bảo toàn nguyên tố H : \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
=> VH2 = 0,06.22,4 = 1,344(lít )
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Zn} = a(mol) ; n_{Al} = b(mol) ; n_{Mg} = c(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 65a + 27b + 24c = 44,1(1)\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3 H_2\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b + c = \dfrac{31,36}{22,4} = 1,4(2)\\ Mà : 2a = 3b(3)\\ (1)(2)(3) \Rightarrow a = 0,3 ; b = 0,2 ; c = 0,8\\ \%m_{Zn} = \dfrac{0,3.65}{44,1}.100\% = 44,22\%\\ \%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,2.27}{44,1}.100\% = 12,24\%\)
\(\%m_{Mg} = 100\% -44,22\% -12,24\% = 43,54\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Mg}=a;n_{Fe}=0,5a;n_{Zn}=b\\ a\left(24+28\right)+65b=52a+65b=44,2\\ 1,5a+b=\dfrac{24,64}{22,4}1,1\\ a=0,6;b=0,2\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24a}{44,2}=32,58\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{28a}{44,2}=38\%\\ \%m_{Zn}=29,42\%\\ m_{ddacid}=\dfrac{98\left(1,5a+b\right)}{0,08}=1347,5g\\ m_{ddsau}=1389,5g\\ C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{95a}{1389,5}=4,10\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.0,5a}{1389,5}=2,74\%\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{136b}{1389,5}=1,96\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
2Al + 3H2SO4 →Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2 (1)
Zn + H2SO4 →ZnSO4 + H2 (2)
a;nH2=\(\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}\)=0,4(mol)
Đặt nAl=a
nZn=b
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+65y=11,9\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>a=0,2;b=0,1
mAl=27.0,2=5,4(g)
%mAl=\(\dfrac{5,4}{11,9}.100\)=54,4%
%mZn=54,6%
Ta có kim loại + H2SO4 → muối + H2
nH2 = 0,4 mol
Bảo toàn nguyên tố H có nH2 = nH2SO4 = 0,4 mol
Bảo toàn khối lượng có mkim loại + mH2SO4 = mH2 + mmuối → 11,9 + 0,4.98 = 0,4.2 + m → m = 50,3