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a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) (*)
Phương trình hóa học
Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2 (**)
MgO + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2O (***)
b) Từ (*) và (**) ta có \(n_{Mg}=0,15\Leftrightarrow m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=10-3,6=6,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\%Mg=\dfrac{3,6}{10}.100\%=36\%\)
\(\%MgO=\dfrac{6,4}{10}.100\%=64\%\)
c) Xét phản ứng (**) ta có \(m_{MgO}=6,4\left(g\right)\Leftrightarrow n_{MgO}=n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,16\left(mol\right)\) (1)
\(\Leftrightarrow n_{HCl}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)
Tương tự có số mol HCl trong phản ứng (*) là 0,3 mol
\(C_M=\dfrac{0,32+0,3}{0,2}=3,1\left(M\right)\)
d) Từ (1) ; (*) ; (**) ta có : \(n_{MgCl_2}=0,15+0,16=0,31\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,31.95=29,45\left(g\right)\)
e) \(C_M=\dfrac{0,31}{0,2}=1,55\left(M\right)\)
PTHH: MgO + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2O (1)
Fe2O3 + 6HCl --> 2FeCl3 + 3H2O (2)
Gọi số mol MgO, Fe2O3 là a,b
=> 40a + 160b = 32
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{325.14,6}{100.36,5}=1,3\left(mol\right)\)
(1)(2) => 2a + 6b = 1,3
=> a = 0,2 , b = 0,15
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%MgO=\dfrac{0,2.40}{32}.100\%=25\%\\\%Fe_2O_3=\dfrac{0,15.160}{32}.100\%=75\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
nMgCl2 = a = 0,2 (mol)
=> mMgCl2 = 0,2.95 = 19(g)
nFeCl3 = 2b = 0,3 (mol)
=> mFeCl3 = 0,3.162,5 = 48,75(g)
Giả sử :
\(n_{MgO}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Fe_2O_3}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=40a+160b=28\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200\cdot21.9\%}{36.5}=1.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
Từ PTHH :
\(n_{HCl}=2a+6b=1.2\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.3,b=0.1\)
\(\%m_{MgO}=\dfrac{0.3\cdot40}{28}\cdot100\%=42.85\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=100-42.85=57.15\%\)
a, \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
b, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 80x + 160y = 32 (1)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuCl_2}=n_{Cu}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_3}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=2y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 135x + 325y = 59,5 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,1.160=16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CuO}+6n_{Fe_2O_3}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1}{0,5}=2\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a.
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
b.
\(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right),m_{CuO}=12-2,4=9,6\left(g\right)\)
c.
\(m_{muối}=m_{CuCl_2}+m_{MgCl_2}=0,12.135+95.0,1=25,7\left(g\right)\)
a
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,15<-0,15<--0,15<----0,15
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
0,16-->0,32---->0,16
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{MgO}=10-3,6=6,4\left(g\right)\)
b
\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6.100\%}{10}=36\%\\ \%m_{MgO}=\dfrac{6,4.100\%}{10}=64\%\)
c
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{6,4}{40}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)
\(CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,15+0,32}{0,2}=2,35M\)
d
\(m_{MgCl_2}=\left(0,15+0,16\right).95=29,45\left(g\right)\)
e
\(CM_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,15+0,16}{0,2}=1,55M\)
\(n_{MgO}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Fe_2O_3}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m=40a+160b=12\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
\(m_{Muối}=120a+400y=32\left(g\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.1,b=0.05\)
\(\%MgO=\dfrac{0.1\cdot40}{12}\cdot100\%=33.33\%\)
\(\%Fe_2O_3=66.67\%\)
\(m_{dd}=12+200=212\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0.1\cdot120}{212}\cdot100\%=5.66\%\)
\(C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0.05\cdot400}{212}\cdot100\%=9.42\%\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
a)
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
x------->2x
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
y--------->6y
Có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+6y=0,5\\80x+160y=16\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{CuO}=0,1.80=8\left(g\right)\\ m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,05.160=8\left(g\right)\)
b
\(\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,1.80.100\%}{16}=50\%\\ \%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,05.160.100\%}{16}=50\%\)
Pt : \(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O|\)
1 1 1 1
a 1a 0,05
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O|\)
1 3 1 3
b 3b 0,05
Gọi a là số mol của MgO
b là số mol của Fe2O3
\(m_{MgO}+m_{Fe2O3}=10\left(g\right)\)
⇒ \(n_{MgO}.M_{MgO}+n_{Fe2O3}.M_{Fe2O3}=10g\)
⇒ 40a + 160b = 10g (1)
\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{5,6.350}{100}=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ 1a + 6b = 0,2(2)
Từ(1),(2) , ta có hệ phương trình :
40a + 160b = 10
1a + 6b = 0,2
⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{MgO}=0,05.40=2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe2O3}=0,05.160=8\left(g\right)\)
0/0MgO = \(\dfrac{2.100}{10}=20\)0/0
0/0Fe2O3 = \(\dfrac{8.100}{10}=80\)0/0
b) Có : \(n_{MgO}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{MgSO4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe2O3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Fe2\left(SO4\right)3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{MgSO4}=0,05.161=8,05\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe2\left(SO4\right)3}=0,05.400=20\left(g\right)\)
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