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Bài 2:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{81}}\cdot P=\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{9\cdot9\cdot\left(a+2b\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{9\cdot9\cdot\left(b+2c\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{9\cdot9\cdot\left(c+2a\right)}}\)
\(\ge\frac{3}{a+2b+9+9}+\frac{3}{b+2c+9+9}+\frac{3}{c+2a+9+9}\ge3\left(\frac{9}{3a+3b+3c+54}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt[3]{3}\)
Dấu bằng xẩy ra khi a=b=c=3
Bài 1:
\(ab+bc+ca=5abc\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=5\)
Theo bđt côsi-shaw ta luôn có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{k}\ge\frac{25}{x+y+z+t+k}\)(x=y=z=t=k>0 ) (*)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z+t+k\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{k}\right)\ge25\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z+t+k\ge5\sqrt[5]{xyztk}\\\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{k}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\frac{1}{xyztk}}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z+t+k\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{k}\right)\ge25\)
\(\Rightarrow\)(*) luôn đúng
Từ (*) \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{25}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{k}\right)\le\frac{1}{x+y+z+t+k}\)
Ta có: \(P=\frac{1}{2a+2b+c}+\frac{1}{a+2b+2c}+\frac{1}{2a+b+2c}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{2a+2b+c}=\frac{1}{a+a+b+b+c}\le\frac{1}{25}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{a+2b+2c}=\frac{1}{a+b+b+c+c}\le\frac{1}{25}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2a+b+2c}=\frac{1}{a+a+b+c+c}\le\frac{1}{25}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{25}\left[5.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\right]=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le1\left(đpcm\right)\)Dấu"="xảy ra khi a=b=c\(=\frac{3}{5}\)
1.
\(-1\le a\le2\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+1\ge0\\a-2\le0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(a-2\right)\le0\Leftrightarrow a^2\le}2+a\)
Tương tự \(b^2\le2+b,c^2\le2+c\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\le6+a+b+c=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=2,b=c=-1 và các hoán vị của chúng
Xét \(\frac{a^2+1}{a}=a+\frac{1}{a}\)
Dễ thấy dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=\frac{1}{3}\)
khi đó \(a+\frac{1}{a}=a+\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{8}{9a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a.1}{9a}}+\frac{8}{\frac{9.1}{3}}=\frac{10}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a^2+1}\le\frac{3}{10}\)
tương tự =>đpcm
1,
\(A=1+a+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{a}{b}+1+b+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{b}{a}\)
\(\ge1+1+2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{a}}+a+b+\frac{a+b}{ab}=4+a+b+\frac{4\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=4+a+b+\frac{4}{a+b}\)
lại có \(\left(1+1\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow a+b\le\sqrt{2}\)
\(4+a+b+\frac{4}{a+b}=4+\left(a+b+\frac{2}{a+b}\right)+\frac{2}{a+b}\ge4+2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}=4+3\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge4+3\sqrt{2}\)
câu 2
ta có:\(\left(2b^2+a^2\right)\left(2+1\right)\ge\left(2b+a\right)^2\Rightarrow3c\ge a+2b\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{2b}\ge\frac{9}{a+2b}\ge\frac{9}{3c}=\frac{3}{c}\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
\(A\ge3\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{9}{a+b+c}=3.3+\frac{9}{3}=12\)
\(A_{min}=12\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ta cần chứng minh: \(3a+\frac{1}{a}\ge2a+2\Leftrightarrow3a+\frac{1}{a}-4\ge2\left(a-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3a^2-4a+1}{a}-2\left(a-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(\frac{3a-1}{a}-2\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{a}\)(đúng)
Tương tự: \(3b+\frac{1}{b}\ge2b+2;3c+\frac{1}{c}\ge2c+2\)
Cộng theo vế: \(A\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)+6=12\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Đặt x = 1/a ; y = 1/b, z = 1/c với x,y,z > 0
đk <=> 1/x + 1/y + 1/z = 1/(xyz)
<=> xy + yz + zx = 1
A = √[yz/(1+x²)] + √[zx/(1+y²)] + √[xy/(1+z²)]
Ta có:
1 + x² = x² + xy + yz + zx = (x+z)(x+y)
=> √[yz/(1+x²)] = √[y/(x+y)] . √[z/(x+z)]
≤ 1/2 . [y/(x+y) + z/(x+z)] (1)
(áp dụng bđt Cosi: √m .√n ≤ 1/2 . (m+n))
Tương tự:
√[xz/(1+y²)] = √[x/(x+y)] . √[z/(y+z)] ≤ 1/2 . [x/(x+y) + z/(y+z)] (2)
√[xy/(1+z²)] = √[y/(z+y)] . √[x/(x+z)] ≤ 1/2 . [y/(z+y) + x/(x+z)] (3)
Cộng vế của (1),(2) và (3) lại ta được:
A ≤ 1/2 . 3 = 3/2
Vậy Max A = 3/2 xảy ra <=> x = y = z = 1/√3 <=> a = b = c = √3
c) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x+2}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{y-2}=6\\\dfrac{5}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{y-2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{y-2}=5\\\dfrac{5}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{y-2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5}{x+1}+\dfrac{10}{y-2}=25\\\dfrac{5}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{y-2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{11}{y-2}=22\\\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{y-2}=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-2=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{x+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=1\\y-2=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x},b=\frac{1}{y},c=\frac{1}{z}\),xyz=1
Cần CM: \(1+\frac{3}{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}}\ge\frac{6}{\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+\frac{3}{xy+yz+zx}\ge\frac{6}{x+y+z}\)
Thật vậy \(1+\frac{3}{xy+yz+zx}\ge1+\frac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{9}{x+y+z}}=\frac{6}{x+y+z}\)(đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1