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a)
Ta có \(A=\int ^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0}\cos 2x\cos^2xdx=\frac{1}{4}\int ^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0}\cos 2x(\cos 2x+1)d(2x)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{1}{4}\int ^{\frac{\pi}{2}}_{0}\cos x(\cos x+1)dx=\frac{1}{4}\int ^{\frac{\pi}{2}}_{0}\cos xdx+\frac{1}{8}\int ^{\frac{\pi}{2}}_{0}(\cos 2x+1)dx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{1}{4}\left.\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{2}\\ 0\end{matrix}\right|\sin x+\frac{1}{16}\left.\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{2}\\ 0\end{matrix}\right|\sin 2x+\frac{1}{8}\left.\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{2}\\ 0\end{matrix}\right|x=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{\pi}{16}\)
b)
\(B=\int ^{1}_{\frac{1}{2}}\frac{e^x}{e^{2x}-1}dx=\frac{1}{2}\int ^{1}_{\frac{1}{2}}\left ( \frac{1}{e^x-1}-\frac{1}{e^x+1} \right )d(e^x)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\frac{1}{2}\left.\begin{matrix} 1\\ \frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right|\left | \frac{e^x-1}{e^x+1} \right |\approx 0.317\)
c)
Có \(C=\int ^{1}_{0}\frac{(x+2)\ln(x+1)}{(x+1)^2}d(x+1)\).
Đặt \(x+1=t\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{(t+1)\ln t}{t^2}dt=\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{\ln t}{t}dt+\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{\ln t}{t^2}dt\)
\(=\int ^{2}_{1}\ln td(\ln t)+\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{\ln t}{t^2}dt=\frac{\ln ^22}{2}+\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{\ln t}{t^2}dt\)
Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=\ln t\\ dv=\frac{dt}{t^2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=\frac{dt}{t}\\ v=\frac{-1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \int ^{2}_{1}\frac{\ln t}{t^2}dt=\left.\begin{matrix} 2\\ 1\end{matrix}\right|-\frac{\ln t+1}{t}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{\ln 2 }{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{\ln 2}{2}+\frac{\ln ^22}{2}\)
a)\(\int \sin ^2\left (\frac{x}{2}\right)dx=\int \frac{1-\cos x }{2}dx=\frac{x}{2}-\frac{\sin x}{2}+c\)
b)\(\int \cos ^2 \left (\frac{x}{2}\right)dx=\int \frac{1+\cos x}{2}dx=\frac{x}{2}+\frac{\sin x}{2}+c\)
c) \(\int \frac{(2x+1)dx}{x^2+x+5}=\int \frac{d(x^2+x+5)}{x^2+x+5}=ln(x^2+x+5)+c\)
d)\(\int (2\tan x+ \cot x)^2dx=4\int \tan ^2 x+\int \cot^2 x+4\int dx=4\int \frac{1-\cos^2 x}{\cos^2 x}dx+\int \frac{1-\sin^2 x}{\sin^2 x}dx+4\int dx \)\( =4\int d(\tan x)-\int d(\cot x)-\int dx=4\tan x-\cot x-x+c\)
a) \(\sin^4x=\left(\sin^2x\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{1-\cos2x}{2}\right)^2\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-2\cos2x+\cos^22x\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-2.\cos2x+\dfrac{1+\cos4x}{2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{8}-\dfrac{1}{2}\cos2x+\dfrac{1}{8}\cos4x\)
Vậy:
\(\int\sin^4x\text{dx}=\int\left(\dfrac{3}{8}-\dfrac{1}{2}\cos2x+\dfrac{1}{8}\cos4x\right)\text{dx}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{8}x-\dfrac{1}{4}\sin2x+\dfrac{1}{32}\sin4x+C\)
Ở tất cả các dạng bài như thế này em chỉ cần ghi nhớ công thức:
\(d(u(x))=u'(x)dx\)
Câu 1)
Ta có \(I_1=\int_{\frac{\pi}{4}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} e^{\sin x}\cos xdx=\int _{\frac{\pi}{4}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}e^{\sin x}d(\sin x)\)
Đặt \(\sin x=t\Rightarrow I_1=\int ^{1}_{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}e^tdt=\left.\begin{matrix} 1\\ \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right|e^t=e-e^{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}\)
Câu 2)
\(I_2=\int ^{\frac{\pi}{2}}_{\frac{\pi}{4}}e^{2\cos x+1}\sin xdx=\frac{-1}{2}\int ^\frac{\pi}{2}_{\frac{\pi}{4}}e^{2\cos x+1}d(2\cos x+1)\)
Đặt \(2\cos x+1=t\Rightarrow I_2=\frac{-1}{2}\int ^{1}_{1+\sqrt{2}}e^tdt\)
\(=\frac{-1}{2}.\left.\begin{matrix} 1\\ 1+\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right|e^t=\frac{-1}{2}(e-e^{1+\sqrt{2}})\)
Câu 3:
Có \(I_3=\int ^{e}_{1}\frac{e^{2\ln x+1}}{x}dx=\int ^{e}_{1}e^{2\ln x+1}d(\ln x)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\int ^{e}_{1}e^{2\ln x+1}d(2\ln x+1)\)
Đặt \(2\ln x+1=t\Rightarrow I_3=\frac{1}{2}\int ^{3}_{1}e^tdt=\frac{1}{2}.\left.\begin{matrix} 3\\ 1\end{matrix}\right|e^t=\frac{1}{2}(e^3-e)\)
Câu 4:
\(I_4=\int ^{1}_{0}xe^{x^2+2}dx=\frac{1}{2}\int ^{1}_{0}e^{x^2+2}d(x^2+2)\)
Đặt \(x^2+2=t\Rightarrow I_4=\frac{1}{2}\int ^{3}_{2}e^tdt=\frac{1}{2}.\left.\begin{matrix} 3\\ 2\end{matrix}\right|e^t=\frac{1}{2}(e^3-e^2)\)
1)
Ta có \(P_1=\int \frac{\cos xdx}{2\sin x-7}=\int \frac{d(\sin x)}{3\sin x-7}\)
Đặt \(\sin x=t\Rightarrow P_1=\int \frac{dt}{3t-7}=\frac{1}{3}\int \frac{d(3t-7)}{3t-7}=\frac{1}{3}\ln |3t-7|+c\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\ln |3\sin x-7|+c\)
2)
\(P_2=\int \sin xe^{2\cos x+3}dx\)
Đặt \(\cos x=t\)
\(P_2=-\int e^{2\cos x+3}d(\cos x)=-\int e^{2t+3}dt\)
\(=-\frac{1}{2}\int e^{2t+3}d(2t+3)=\frac{-1}{2}e^{2t+3}+c\)
\(=\frac{-e^{2\cos x+3}}{2}+c\)
3)
\(P_3=\int \frac{\sin x+x\cos x}{(x\sin x)^2}dx\)
Để ý rằng \((x\sin x)'=x'\sin x+x(\sin x)'=\sin x+x\cos x\)
Do đó: \(d(x\sin x)=(x\sin x)'dx=(\sin x+x\cos x)dx\)
Suy ra \(P_3=\int \frac{d(x\sin x)}{(x\sin x)^2}\)
Đặt \(x\sin x=t\Rightarrow P_3=\int \frac{dt}{t^2}=\frac{-1}{t}+c=\frac{-1}{x\sin x}+c\)
Đáp án: D.
Vì A, B, C nhờ biến đổi lượng giác nên tương đương, do đó D sai.