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a)2x2+4x=19-3y2
⇔2x2+4x+2=21-3y2
⇔2(x+1)2=3(7-y2)Ta có 2(x+1)2⋮2⇒3(7-y2)⋮2
⇒7-y2⋮2
⇒y lẻ (1)
Ta lại có 2(x+1)2≥0
⇒3(7-y2)≥0
⇒7-y2≥0
⇒y2≤7
⇒y2∈{1;4} (2)
Từ (1),(2)⇒y2∈{1}
⇒y∈{-1;1}
Ta có y2=1⇒2(x+1)2=3(7-y2)=18⇒(x+1)2=9
⇒x+1=3 hoặc x+1=-3
⇒x=2 hoặc x=-4
Vậy {x,y}={(-1;2);(-1;-4);(1;2);(1;-4)}
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+2xy-3y^2=-4\left(1\right)\\2x^2+xy+4y^2=5\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)\(với\)\(y=0\Rightarrow hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=-4\\2x^2=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\left(loại\right)\)
\(y\ne0\) \(đặt:x=t.y\Rightarrow hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t^2y^2+2ty^2-3y^2=-4\left(3\right)\\2t^2y^2+ty^2+4y^2=5\left(4\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5t^2y^2+10ty^2-15y^2=-8t^2y^2-4ty^2-16y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13t^2y^2+14ty^2+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13t^2+14t+1=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=-\dfrac{1}{13}\\t=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{13}y\left(5\right)\\x=-y\left(6\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(thay\left(5\right)và\left(6\right)\) \(lên\left(1\right)hoặc\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left\{\left(1;-1\right);\left(-1;1\right);\left(-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{133}};\dfrac{13}{\sqrt{133}}\right)\right\}\)
\(pt:x^4-4x^3+x^2+6x+m+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-4x^3+4x^2-3x^2+6x+m+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x\right)^2-3\left(x^2-2x\right)+m+2=0\left(1\right)\)
\(đặt:x^2-2x=t\ge-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow t^2-3t=-m-2\)
\(xét:f\left(t\right)=t^2-3t\) \(trên[-1;+\text{∞})\) \(và:y=-m-2\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(-1\right)=4\)
\(f\left(-\dfrac{b}{2a}\right)=-\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\left(1\right)\) \(có\) \(3\) \(ngo\) \(pb\Leftrightarrow-m-2=4\Leftrightarrow m=-6\)
Bài 4:
\(x^4y-x^4+2x^3-2x^2+2x-y=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y(x^4-1)-(x^4-2x^3+2x^2-2x+1)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y(x^2+1)(x^2-1)-[x^2(x^2-2x+1)+(x^2-2x+1)]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y(x^2+1)(x-1)(x+1)-(x-1)^2(x^2+1)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^2+1)(x-1)[y(x+1)-(x-1)]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x-1=0(1)\\ y(x+1)-(x-1)=0(2)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với $(1)$ ta thu được $x=1$, và mọi $ý$ nguyên.
Với $(2)$
\(y(x+1)=x-1\Rightarrow y=\frac{x-1}{x+1}\in\mathbb{Z}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1\vdots x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1-2\vdots x+1\Rightarrow 2\vdots x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1\in\left\{\pm 1; \pm 2\right\}\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-2; 0; -3; 1\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow y\left\{3;-1; 2; 0\right\}\)
Vậy \((x,y)=(-2,3); (0; -1); (-3; 2); (1; t)\) với $t$ nào đó nguyên.
Bài 1:
\(x^2+y^2-8x+3y=-18\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-8x+3y+18=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^2-8x+16)+(y^2+3y+\frac{9}{4})=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-4)^2+(y+\frac{3}{2})^2=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow (x-4)^2=\frac{1}{4}-(y+\frac{3}{2})^2\leq \frac{1}{4}<1\)
\(\Rightarrow -1< x-4< 1\Rightarrow 3< x< 5\)
Vì \(x\in\mathbb{Z}\Rightarrow x=4\)
Thay vào pt ban đầu ta thu được \(y=-1\) or \(y=-2\)
Vậy.......
Bài 5:
a. 1 - 2y + y2
= (1 - y)2
b. (x + 1)2 - 25
= (x + 1)2 - 52
= (x + 1 - 5)(x + 1 + 5)
= (x - 4)(x + 6)
c. 1 - 4x2
= 12 - (2x)2
= (1 - 2x)(1 + 2x)
d. 8 - 27x3
= 23 - (3x)3
= (2 - 3x)(4 + 6x + 9x2)
e. (đề hơi khó hiểu ''x3'' !?)
g. x3 + 8y3
= (x + 2y)(x2 - 2xy + y2)
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y=5\\4x-5y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+6y=10\\4x-5y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y=5\\11y=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3\cdot\dfrac{9}{11}=5\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+\dfrac{27}{11}=5\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=\dfrac{28}{11}\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{14}{11}\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(x=\dfrac{14}{11};y=\dfrac{9}{11}\)
Ta có: \(x^3-y^3=3x-3y\Leftrightarrow x^2+xy+y^2=3\) (Do \(x\neq y\)).
Tương tự: \(y^2+yz+z^2=3;z^2+zx+x^2=3\).
Cộng vế với vế ta có: \(2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+xy+yz+zx=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{2}+\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2}=9\).
Mặt khác, từ đó ta cũng có: \(\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-\left(y^2+yz+z^2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x-z\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x+y+z=0\).
Do đó \(x^2+y^2+z^2=6\left(đpcm\right)\).
:vv Đề là j z e?
Đề bài yêu cầu gì?