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1)
Ta có: \(M=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(a+b+4c\right)}{\sqrt{3\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b+4c\right)}}\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(a+b+4c\right)}{\frac{3\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+b+4c\right)}{2}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(a+b+4c\right)}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c
2)
\(\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{2a}{ab+1}\right)^2}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{2a}{\sqrt[3]{2a\left(ab+1\right)^2}}\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{2a}{\frac{2a+\left(ab+1\right)+\left(ab+1\right)}{3}}=3\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{ab+a+1}\)
Ta có bổ đề: \(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}=1\left(abc=1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{2a}{ab+1}\right)^2}\ge3\)
1) Áp dụng bunhiacopxki ta được \(\sqrt{\left(2a^2+b^2\right)\left(2a^2+c^2\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(2a^2+bc\right)^2}=2a^2+bc\), tương tự với các mẫu ta được vế trái \(\le\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{b^2}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{c^2}{2c^2+ab}\le1< =>\)\(1-\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+1-\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+1-\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\le2< =>\)
\(\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\ge1\)<=> \(\frac{b^2c^2}{2a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\frac{a^2c^2}{2b^2ac+a^2c^2}+\frac{a^2b^2}{2c^2ab+a^2b^2}\ge1\) (1)
áp dụng (x2 +y2 +z2)(m2+n2+p2) \(\ge\left(xm+yn+zp\right)^2\)
(2a2bc +b2c2 + 2b2ac+a2c2 + 2c2ab+a2b2). VT\(\ge\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2\) <=> (ab+bc+ca)2. VT \(\ge\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2< =>VT\ge1\) ( vậy (1) đúng)
dấu '=' khi a=b=c
\(\frac{4a^2+\left(b-c\right)^2}{2a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{4b^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}{2b^2+c^2+a^2}+\frac{4c^2+\left(a-b\right)^2}{2c^2+a^2+b^2}\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrow2-\frac{4a^2+\left(b-c\right)^2}{2a^2+b^2+c^2}+2-\frac{4b^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}{2b^2+c^2+a^2}+2-\frac{4c^2+\left(a-b\right)^2}{2c^2+a^2+b^2}\le3\)
Cần chứng minh BĐT ở dòng thứ 2 đúng
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{2b^2+c^2+a^2}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2c^2+a^2+b^2}\le3\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2a^2+b^2+c^2}=\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\le\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2+c^2}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại r` cộng theo vế:
\(\RightarrowΣ\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2a^2+b^2+c^2}\leΣ\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+Σ\frac{c^2}{a^2+c^2}=3\)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx+2x^2-2x\left(y+z\right)+y^2+z^2=36\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+2x^2-2x\left(y+z\right)+y^2+z^2=36\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+2x^2-2x\left(y+z\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(y+z\right)^2\le36\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left[4x^2-4x\left(y+z\right)+\left(y+z\right)^2\right]\le36\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(2x-y-z\right)^2\le36\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le36-\frac{1}{2}\left(2x-y-z\right)^2\le36\)
\(\Rightarrow-6\le x+y+z\le6\)
\(A_{min}=-6\) khi \(x=y=z=-2\)
\(A_{max}=6\) khi \(x=y=z=2\)
\(\Sigma_{sym}a^4b^4\ge\frac{\left(\Sigma_{sym}a^2b^2\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(\Sigma_{sym}ab\right)^4}{27}\ge\frac{a^2b^2c^2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=3a^4b^4c^4\)
\(\Sigma\frac{a^5}{bc^2}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^4}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^6\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{27abc\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(3\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{27abc}=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
B1) Từ \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=0\)
Ta có \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2+2.0\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2\left(đpcm\right)\)
B2) \(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a;b\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\forall b;c\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall c;a\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\left(đpcm\right)}\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right).2=\left(ab+bc+ca\right).2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\forall b,c\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall a,c\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b,c\)
Mà \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy \(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)thì \(a=b=c\)
1.
Ta có: \(\frac{2a+3b+3c+1}{2015+a}+\frac{3a+2b+3c}{2016+b}+\frac{3a+3b+2ac-1}{2017+c}\)
\(=\frac{b+c+4033}{2015+a}+\frac{c+a+4032}{2016+b}+\frac{a+b+4031}{2017+c}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}2015+a=x\\2016+b=y\\2017+c=z\end{cases}}\)
\(P=\frac{b+c+4033}{2015+a}+\frac{c+a+4032}{2016+b}+\frac{a+b+4031}{2017+c}\)
\(=\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}+\frac{x+y}{z}=\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}\cdot\frac{x}{y}}+2\sqrt{\frac{z}{x}\cdot\frac{x}{z}}+2\sqrt{\frac{y}{z}\cdot\frac{z}{y}}\left(Cosi\right)\)
Dấu "=" <=> x=y=z => \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=673\\b=672\\c=671\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Min P=6 khi a=673; b=672; c=671
Câu 1 thử cộng 3 vào P xem
Rồi áp dụng BDT Cauchy - Schwars : a^2/x + b^2/y + c^2/z ≥(a + b + c)^2/(x + y + z)
Bài 1: diendantoanhoc.net
Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\) BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành
\(\frac{x}{\sqrt{3zx+2yz}}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3xy+2xz}}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3yz+2xy}}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt{5}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{5z}\cdot\sqrt{3x+2y}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{5x}\cdot\sqrt{3y+2z}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{5y}\cdot\sqrt{3z+2x}}\ge\frac{3}{5}\)
Theo BĐT AM-GM và Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\( {\displaystyle \displaystyle \sum }\)\(_{cyc}\frac{x}{\sqrt{5z}\cdot\sqrt{3x+2y}}\ge2\)\( {\displaystyle \displaystyle \sum }\)\(\frac{x}{3x+2y+5z}\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x\left(3x+2y+5z\right)+y\left(5x+3y+2z\right)+z\left(2x+5y+3z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+7\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\frac{20}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{20}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{5\left[x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]}=\frac{3}{5}\)
Bổ sung bài 1:
BĐT được chứng minh
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c