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a: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+6y=4\\x+4y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+6y=4\\3x+12y=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=2-\dfrac{4}{3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
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a) \(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+5}{\sqrt{x}-2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{9}+5}{\sqrt{9}-2}=\dfrac{3+5}{3-2}=8\)
b) \(Q=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+2}-\dfrac{5\sqrt{x}-2}{4-x}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)+5\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}=\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}+2+5\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
c) \(M=\dfrac{Q}{P}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}:\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+5}{\sqrt{x}-2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+5}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+5}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x}< 3\sqrt{x}+15\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}>-15\left(đúng\forall x\ge0,x\ne4\right)\)
d) \(M=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+5}=1-\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+5}\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+5\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\)
Do \(x\ge0,x\ne4\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0\right\}\)
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Bài 6:
a. \(A=[\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-1)}].(\sqrt{x}-1)\)
\(=\sqrt{x}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}=\frac{x+2}{\sqrt{x}}\)
b. Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho các số dương:
$A=\sqrt{x}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}\geq 2\sqrt{2}$
Vậy gtnn của $A$ là $2\sqrt{2}$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x=2$
Bài 7:
a.
\(x=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}-1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+1}=1\)
Khi đó: \(B=\frac{1+3}{1+8}=\frac{4}{9}\)
b. \(A=\frac{(\sqrt{x}+1)(\sqrt{x}+3)+\sqrt{x}(2\sqrt{x}-1)}{(2\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+3)}-\frac{x+6\sqrt{x}+2}{(2\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+3)}\)
\(=\frac{3x+3\sqrt{x}+3-(x+6\sqrt{x}+2)}{(\sqrt{x}+3)(2\sqrt{x}-1)}=\frac{2x-3\sqrt{x}+1}{(2\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+3)}\)
\(=\frac{(2\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}-1)}{(2\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+3)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
c.
\(P=AB=\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{x+8}.\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{x+8}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
$x+16\geq 8\sqrt{x}$
$\Rightarrow x+8\geq 8(\sqrt{x}-1)$
$\Rightarrow P\leq \frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{8(\sqrt{x}-1)}=\frac{1}{8}$
Vậy $P_{\max}=\frac{1}{8}$ khi $x=16$