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a.
ĐKXĐ: \(-1\le x\le1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{1-x^2}=t\Rightarrow0\le t\le1\)
\(x^2=1-t^2\Rightarrow x^4=t^4-2t^2+1\)
Pt trở thành:
\(729\left(t^4-2t^2+1\right)+8t=36\)
\(\Leftrightarrow729t^4-1458t^2+8t+693=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(9t^2+2t-9\right)\left(81t^2-18t-77\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}9t^2+2t-9=0\\81t^2-18t-77=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\dfrac{\sqrt{82}-1}{9}\\t=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{78}}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{1-t^2}=...\)
b.
ĐKXĐ: ...
\(-3\left(10+4x-x^2\right)-5\sqrt{10+4x-x^2}+42=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{10+4x-x^2}=t\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow-3t^2-5t+42=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=3\\t=-\dfrac{14}{3}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{10+4x-x^2}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=...\)
a.
Kiểm tra lại đề bài, đề bài không đúng
b.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0\)
\(1+3\sqrt{x}=4x+\sqrt{x+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow4x-1-\left(3\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x+2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x-1-\dfrac{2\left(4x-1\right)}{3\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x+2}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x-1\right)\left(1-\dfrac{2}{3\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x+2}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x-1=0\Rightarrow x...\\3\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x+2}=2\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét (1): \(\Leftrightarrow10x+2+6\sqrt{x^2+2x}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x^2+2x}=1-5x\) (\(x\le\dfrac{1}{5}\))
\(\Leftrightarrow16x^2-28x+1=0\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{7-3\sqrt{5}}{8}\)
a.
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-6x+1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\sqrt{\left(4x^2-2x+1\right)\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{4x^2-2x+1}=a>0\\\sqrt{4x^2+2x+1}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\) ta được:
\(2a^2-b^2+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}ab=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\left(2a+\sqrt{3}b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2=b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(4x^2-2x+1\right)=4x^2+2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
b.
\(x^2-3x+1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\sqrt{\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=a>0\\\sqrt{x^2+x+1}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2-b^2+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}ab=0\)
Lặp lại cách làm câu a
c.
ĐLXĐ: \(x\ge-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(-\left(3x+1\right)+\sqrt{3x+1}+4x^2-10x+6=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{3x+1}=t\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow-t^2+t+4x^2-10x+6=0\)
\(\Delta=1+4\left(4x^2-10x+6\right)=\left(4x-5\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\dfrac{-1+4x-5}{-2}=3-2x\\t=\dfrac{-1-4x+5}{-2}=2x-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{3x+1}=3-2x\left(x\le\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\\\sqrt{3x-1}=2x-2\left(x\ge1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+1=4x^2-12x+9\left(x\le\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\\3x-1=4x^2-8x+4\left(x\ge1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
a.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-\dfrac{5}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-12x-2-2\sqrt{4x+5}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2-8x+4\right)-\left(4x+5+2\sqrt{4x+5}+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-2\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{4x+5}+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-2-\sqrt{4x+5}-1\right)\left(2x-2+\sqrt{4x+5}+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3-\sqrt{4x+5}\right)\left(2x-1+\sqrt{4x+5}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{4x+5}=2x-3\left(x\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\\\sqrt{4x+5}=1-2x\left(x\le\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x+5=4x^2-12x+9\left(x\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\\4x+5=4x^2-4x+1\left(x\le\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
a.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-\dfrac{5}{3}\)
\(9x^2-3x-\left(3x+5\right)-\sqrt{3x+5}=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{3x+5}=t\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow9x^2-3x-t^2-t=0\)
\(\Delta=9+36\left(t^2+t\right)=\left(6t+3\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3+6t+3}{18}=\dfrac{t+1}{3}\\x=\dfrac{3-6t-3}{18}=-\dfrac{t}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=3x-1\\t=-3x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{3x+5}=3x-1\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\\\sqrt{3x+5}=-3x\left(x\le0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+5=9x^2-6x+1\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\\3x+5=9x^2\left(x\le0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
c.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-5\)
\(x^2-3x+2-x-5-\sqrt{x+5}=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+5}=t\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow-t^2-t+x^2-3x+2=0\)
\(\Delta=1+4\left(x^2-3x+2\right)=\left(2x-3\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\dfrac{1+2x-3}{-2}=1-x\\t=\dfrac{1-2x+3}{-2}=x-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+5}=1-x\left(x\le1\right)\\\sqrt{x+5}=x-2\left(x\ge2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=x^2-2x+1\left(x\le1\right)\\x+5=x^2-4x+4\left(x\ge2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
c.
ĐKXĐ: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>1\\x< -2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+4-2\sqrt[]{\left(\dfrac{x+2}{x-1}\right)^2\left(\dfrac{x-1}{x+2}\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+4-2\sqrt[]{\dfrac{x+2}{x-1}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+4=2\sqrt[]{\dfrac{x+2}{x-1}}\) (\(x\ge-4\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+8x+16=\dfrac{4\left(x+2\right)}{x-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+7x^2+4x-24=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+4x-8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=-2+2\sqrt{3}\\x=-2-2\sqrt{3}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a.
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-11x+21=3\sqrt[3]{4\left(x-1\right)}\)
Do \(2x^2-11x+21=2\left(x-\dfrac{11}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{47}{8}>0\Rightarrow3\sqrt[3]{4\left(x-1\right)}>0\Rightarrow x-1>0\)
Ta có:
\(VT=2x^2-11x+21-3\sqrt[3]{4x-4}=2\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+x+3-3\sqrt[3]{4\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(=2\left(x-3\right)^2+x+3-3\sqrt[3]{4\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge x+3-3\sqrt[3]{4\left(x-1\right)}=\left(x-1\right)+2+2-3\sqrt[3]{4\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(x-1\right).2.2}-3\sqrt[3]{4\left(x-1\right)}=0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-3\right)^2=0\\x-1=2\\\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất \(x=3\)