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Lời giải:
ĐK: \(-2\leq x\leq 4\)
Ta có: \(x^2-2x+8-4\sqrt{(4-x)(x+2)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+8-4\sqrt{2x+8-x^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 16-(2x-x^2+8)-4\sqrt{2x+8-x^2}=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x+8-x^2}=t\)
\(\Rightarrow 16-t^2-4t=0\)
\(\Rightarrow t=-2\pm 2\sqrt{5}\). Vì \(t\geq 0\Rightarrow t=-2+2\sqrt{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2=2x+8-x^2=24-8\sqrt{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+16-8\sqrt{5}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\pm \sqrt{8\sqrt{5}-15}\) (đều thỏa mãn)
Vậy............
a/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-5x-4=x^2-4\\x^2-5x-4=4-x^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-5x=0\\2x^2-5x-8=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\frac{5\pm\sqrt{89}}{4}\\\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ - Với \(x\ge3\) pt trở thành:
\(x-1+3\left(x-3\right)=6\Leftrightarrow4x=16\Rightarrow x=4\)
- Với \(x\le1\) pt trở thành:
\(1-x+3\left(3-x\right)=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
- Với \(1< x< 3\) pt trở thành:
\(x-1+3\left(3-x\right)=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x=-2\Rightarrow x=1\) (loại)
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\pm2\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x^2-6x-4}{x^2-4}=1\\\frac{x^2-6x-4}{x^2-4}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-6x-4=x^2-4\\x^2-6x-4=4-x^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-6x=0\\2x^2-6x-8=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
d/ - Với \(x\ge2\) pt trở thành:
\(x-1-2\left(x-2\right)=x^2-x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=6\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{6}\\x=-\sqrt{6}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Với \(x\le1\) pt trở thành:
\(1-x-2\left(2-x\right)=x^2-x-3\) làm tương tự
- Với \(1< x< 2\):
\(x-1-2\left(2-x\right)=x^2-x-3\)
b/ ĐKXĐ; ...
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^3+3x^2+3x+1-16x-16=\frac{8}{y^3}-\frac{8}{y}\\5\left(x^2+2x+2\right)=1+\frac{4}{y^2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+1\right)^3-16\left(x+1\right)=\frac{8}{y^3}-\frac{8}{y}\\5\left(x+1\right)^2=\frac{4}{y^2}-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=a\\\frac{1}{y}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3-16a=8b^3-8b\\5a^2=4b^2-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3-8b^3=16a-8b\\4=-5a^2+4b^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nhân vế với vế:
\(4\left(a^3-8b^3\right)=4\left(4a-2b\right)\left(-5a^2+4b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow21a^3-10a^2b-16ab^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(21a^2-10ab-16b^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(7a-8b\right)\left(3a+2b\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=0\\7a=8b\\3a=-2b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow...\)
a/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y+xy\left(x^2+y\right)+xy+1=-\frac{1}{4}\\x^4+y^2+2x^2y+xy+1=-\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x^2+y+1\right)\left(xy+1\right)=-\frac{1}{4}\\\left(x^2+y\right)^2+xy+1=-\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y=a\\xy+1=b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+1\right)b=-\frac{1}{4}\\a^2+b=-\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+1\right)b=-\frac{1}{4}\\b=-\frac{1}{4}-a^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(-\frac{1}{4}-a^2\right)=-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^3+4a^2+a=0\Leftrightarrow a\left(2a+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=0\Rightarrow b=-\frac{1}{4}\\a=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow b=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y=0\\xy+1=-\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-x^2\\-x^3=-\frac{5}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow...\)
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y=-\frac{1}{2}\\xy+1=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\frac{1}{2}-x^2\\x\left(-\frac{1}{2}-x^2\right)=-\frac{5}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow...\)
1.a.
\(\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+5\right)\ge m\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+3x+2\right)\left(x^2+3x-10\right)\ge m\)
Đặt \(x^2+3x-10=t\ge-\dfrac{49}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(t+2\right)t\ge m\Leftrightarrow t^2+2t\ge m\)
Xét \(f\left(t\right)=t^2+2t\) với \(t\ge-\dfrac{49}{4}\)
\(-\dfrac{b}{2a}=-1\) ; \(f\left(-1\right)=-1\) ; \(f\left(-\dfrac{49}{4}\right)=\dfrac{2009}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(t\right)\ge-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\) BPT đúng với mọi x khi \(m\le-1\)
Có 30 giá trị nguyên của m
1b.
Với \(x=0\) BPT luôn đúng
Với \(x\ne0\) BPT tương đương:
\(\dfrac{\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\left(x^2+3x+4\right)}{x^2}\ge m\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{4}{x}-2\right)\left(x+\dfrac{4}{x}+3\right)\ge m\)
Đặt \(x+\dfrac{4}{x}-2=t\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t\ge2\\t\le-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow t\left(t+5\right)\ge m\Leftrightarrow t^2+5t\ge m\)
Xét hàm \(f\left(t\right)=t^2+5t\) trên \(D=(-\infty;-6]\cup[2;+\infty)\)
\(-\dfrac{b}{2a}=-\dfrac{5}{2}\notin D\) ; \(f\left(-6\right)=6\) ; \(f\left(2\right)=14\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(t\right)\ge6\)
\(\Rightarrow m\le6\)
Vậy có 37 giá trị nguyên của m thỏa mãn
ĐKXĐ:...
pt\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(x^2-2x\right)+16\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}-21=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\Rightarrow t^2=x^2-2x-3\Leftrightarrow t^2+3=x^2-2x\)
\(\Rightarrow4\left(t^2+3\right)+16t-21=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4t^2+12+16t-21=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\frac{1}{2}\\t=-\frac{9}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow t=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-2x-3=\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{2+\sqrt{17}}{2}\\x=\frac{2-\sqrt{17}}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=\frac{2+\sqrt{17}}{2}\)