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\(x^4-10x^3+26x^2-10x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x^4-4x^3+x^2\right)-\left(6x^3-24x+6x\right)+\left(x^2-4x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2\left(x^2-4x+1\right)-6x\left(x^2-4x+1\right)+\left(x^2-4x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x^2-6x+1\right)\left(x^2-4x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2-6x+1=0\\x^2-4x+1=0\end{cases}}\)
Nếu \(x^2-6x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3-\sqrt{8}\\x=\sqrt{8}+3\end{cases}}\)
Nếu \(x^2-4x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2-\sqrt{3}\\x=\sqrt{3}+2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy....
\(x^4+10x^3+25x^2+x^2+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+5x\right)^2+x^2+1=0\)
Do \(\left(x^2+5x\right)^2+x^2+1>0\) \(\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Phương trình vô nghiệm
0
⇔x2(x2-10x +26 -\(\dfrac{10}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\))=0
⇔x2-10x+26-\(\dfrac{10}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}=0\)
⇔\(\left(-10x-\dfrac{10}{x}\right)+\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right)+26=0\)
⇔\(-10\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right)+26=0\)
đặt \(t=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\) thì \(\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right)=t-2\)
ta có
-10t +t2-2+26=0
=>t2-10t+24=0
=>t2-4t-6t+24=0
=>(t2-4t)-(6t-24)=0
=>t(t-4)-6(t-4)=0
=>(t-4)(t-6)=0
=>t=4 và t=6
* với t=4 thì
\(x+\dfrac{1}{x}=4\Rightarrow x^2-4x+1=0\)(vô nghiệm)
* với t=6 thì
\(x+\dfrac{1}{x}=6\Rightarrow x^2-6x+1=0\) (vô no)
vậy S=∅
\(x^4+10x^3+26x^2+10x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+6x^3+x^2+4x^3+24x^2+4x+x^2+6x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2+6x+1\right)+4x\left(x^2+6x+1\right)+\left(x^2+6x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+4x+1\right)\left(x^2+6x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+4x+4-3\right)\left(x^3+6x+9-8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(x+2\right)^2-3\right]\left[\left(x+3\right)^2-8\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2\right)^2-3=0\\\left(x+3\right)^2-8=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2\right)^2=3\\\left(x+3\right)^2=8\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-4\pm\sqrt{12}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-6\pm\sqrt{32}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) x^4 - 5x^2 + 4 = 0
<=> (x^2 - 1)(x^2 - 4) = 0
<=> x^2 - 1 = 0 hoặc x^2 - 4 = 0
<=> x = +-1 hoặc x = +-2
b) x^4 - 10x^2 + 9 = 0
<=> (x^2 - 1)(x^2 - 9) = 0
<=> x^2 - 1 = 0 hoặc x^2 - 9 = 0
<=> x = +-1 hoặc x = +-3
c) x^3 + 6x^2 + 11x + 6 = 0
<=> (x^2 + 5x + 6)(x + 1) = 0
<=> (x + 2)(x + 3)(x + 1) = 0
<=> x + 2 = 0 hoặc x + 3 = 0 hoặc x + 1 = 0
<=> x = -2 hoặc x = -3 hoặc x = -1
d) x^3 + 9x^2 + 26x + 24 = 0
<=> (x^2 + 7x + 12)(x + 2) = 0
<=> (x + 3)(x + 4)(x + 2) = 0
<=> x + 3 = 0 hoặc x + 4 = 0 hoặc x + 2 = 0
<=> x = -3 hoặc x = -4 hoặc x = -2
\(3x^5-10x^4+3x^3+3x^2-10x+3=0\)
___________
Nháp:
Ta nhẩm ngiệm ra được -1 vì tổng các hệ số có số mũ chẵn bằng tổng các hệ số có số mủ lẻ
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3+3-10=-4\\-10+3+3=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo sơ đồ hoocner ta có:
3 | -10 | 3 | 3 | -10 | 3 | |
-1 | 3 | -13 | 16 | -13 | 3 | 0 |
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(3x^4-13x^3+16x^2-13x+3\right)\)
Tiếp dùng phương pháp đoán nghiệm ta có thể phân tích thành
\(\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(3x-1\right)\left(x^2-x-1\right)\)
_____________________________________
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(3x-1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=3\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
a.
$x^4+10x^3+26x^2+10x+1$
$=(x^4+10x^3+25x^2)+x^2+10x+1$
$=(x^2+5x)^2+2(x^2+5x)+1-x^2$
$=(x^2+5x+1)^2-x^2=(x^2+5x+1-x)(x^2+5x+1+x)$
$=(x^2+4x+1)(x^2+6x+1)$
b.
$x^4+x^3-4x^2+x+1$
$=(x^4-x^2)+(x^3-x^2)+(x-x^2)+(1-x^2)$
$=x^2(x-1)(x+1)+x^2(x-1)-x(x-1)-(x-1)(x+1)$
$=(x-1)[x^2(x+1)+x^2-x-(x+1)]$
$=(x-1)(x^3+2x^2-2x-1)$
$=(x-1)[(x^3-1)+(2x^2-2x)]=(x-1)[(x-1)(x^2+x+1)+2x(x-1)]$
$=(x-1)(x-1)(x^2+x+1+2x)=(x-1)^2(x^2+3x+1)$
a) \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)=12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2+\left(x^2+x+1\right)-12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2-3\left(x^2+x+1\right)+4\left(x^2+x+1\right)-12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1-3\right)+ 4\left(x^2+x+1-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+4=0\) hay \(x^2+x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{15}{4}=0\) hay \(x^2-x+2x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{4}=0\) (pt vô nghiệm) hay\(x\left(x-1\right)+2\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\) hay \(x=-2\)
-Vậy \(S=\left\{1;-2\right\}\)
b) \(x^3+5x^2-10x-8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-2x^2+7x^2-14x+4x-8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-2\right)+7x\left(x-2\right)+4\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+7x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\) hay \(x^2+2.\dfrac{7}{2}+\dfrac{49}{4}-\dfrac{33}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\) hay \(\left(x+\dfrac{7}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{33}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\) hay \(\left(x+\dfrac{7}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{33}}{2}\right)\left(x+\dfrac{7}{2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{33}}{2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\) hay \(x=\dfrac{-7-\sqrt{33}}{2}\) hay \(x=\dfrac{-7+\sqrt{33}}{2}\)
-Vậy \(S=\left\{2;\dfrac{-7-\sqrt{33}}{2};\dfrac{-7+\sqrt{33}}{2}\right\}\)
x4+10x3+26x2+10x+1=0x4+10x3+26x2+10x+1=0
⇔x4+6x3+x2+4x3+24x2+4x+x2+6x+1=0⇔x4+6x3+x2+4x3+24x2+4x+x2+6x+1=0
⇔x2(x2+6x+1)+4x(x2+6x+1)+(x2+6x+1)=0⇔x2(x2+6x+1)+4x(x2+6x+1)+(x2+6x+1)=0
⇔(x2+4x+1)(x2+6x+1)=0⇔(x2+4x+1)(x2+6x+1)=0
⇔(x2+4x+4−3)(x3+6x+9−8)=0⇔(x2+4x+4−3)(x3+6x+9−8)=0
⇔[(x+2)2−3][(x+3)2−8]=0⇔[(x+2)2−3][(x+3)2−8]=0
⇒[(x+2)2−3=0(x+3)2−8=0⇒[(x+2)2−3=0(x+3)2−8=0⇒[(x+2)2=3(x+3)2=8⇒[(x+2)2=3(x+3)2=8⇒⎡⎣⎢⎢⎢x=−4±12−−√2x=−6±32−−√2
Thử phân tích VT thành: \(\left(x^2+6x+1\right)\left(x^2+4x+1\right)=0\) xem sao?