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ĐKXĐ: \(2\le x\le5\)
\(\left(\sqrt{2x-4}-\sqrt{5-x}\right)\sqrt{3x-3}=3x-9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(3x-9\right)\sqrt{3x-3}}{\sqrt{2x-4}+\sqrt{5-x}}=3x-9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-9=0\Rightarrow x=3\\\dfrac{\sqrt{3x-3}}{\sqrt{2x-4}+\sqrt{5-x}}=1\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét (1):
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3x-3}=\sqrt{2x-4}+\sqrt{5-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-3=x+1+2\sqrt{\left(2x-4\right)\left(5-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2=\sqrt{\left(2x-4\right)\left(5-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2\\\left(x-2\right)^2=\left(2x-4\right)\left(5-x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2\\\left(x-2\right)\left(3x-12\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có 3 nghiệm \(x=\left\{2;3;4\right\}\)
2: ĐKXĐ: x>=0
\(\sqrt{3x}-2\sqrt{12x}+\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\sqrt{27x}=-4\)
=>\(\sqrt{3x}-2\cdot2\sqrt{3x}+\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot3\sqrt{3x}=-4\)
=>\(\sqrt{3x}-4\sqrt{3x}+\sqrt{3x}=-4\)
=>\(-2\sqrt{3x}=-4\)
=>\(\sqrt{3x}=2\)
=>3x=4
=>\(x=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(nhận\right)\)
3:
ĐKXĐ: x>=0
\(3\sqrt{2x}+5\sqrt{8x}-20-\sqrt{18}=0\)
=>\(3\sqrt{2x}+5\cdot2\sqrt{2x}-20-3\sqrt{2}=0\)
=>\(13\sqrt{2x}=20+3\sqrt{2}\)
=>\(\sqrt{2x}=\dfrac{20+3\sqrt{2}}{13}\)
=>\(2x=\dfrac{418+120\sqrt{2}}{169}\)
=>\(x=\dfrac{209+60\sqrt{2}}{169}\left(nhận\right)\)
4: ĐKXĐ: x>=-1
\(\sqrt{16x+16}-\sqrt{9x+9}=1\)
=>\(4\sqrt{x+1}-3\sqrt{x+1}=1\)
=>\(\sqrt{x+1}=1\)
=>x+1=1
=>x=0(nhận)
5: ĐKXĐ: x<=1/3
\(\sqrt{4\left(1-3x\right)}+\sqrt{9\left(1-3x\right)}=10\)
=>\(2\sqrt{1-3x}+3\sqrt{1-3x}=10\)
=>\(5\sqrt{1-3x}=10\)
=>\(\sqrt{1-3x}=2\)
=>1-3x=4
=>3x=1-4=-3
=>x=-3/3=-1(nhận)
6: ĐKXĐ: x>=3
\(\dfrac{2}{3}\sqrt{x-3}+\dfrac{1}{6}\sqrt{x-3}-\sqrt{x-3}=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
=>\(\sqrt{x-3}\cdot\left(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{1}{6}-1\right)=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
=>\(\sqrt{x-3}\cdot\dfrac{-1}{6}=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
=>\(\sqrt{x-3}=\dfrac{2}{3}:\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot6=\dfrac{12}{3}=4\)
=>x-3=16
=>x=19(nhận)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{3x+1}+\sqrt[3]{5-x}=\sqrt[3]{4x-3}+\sqrt[3]{9-2x}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[3]{3x+1}=a\\\sqrt[3]{5-x}=b\\\sqrt[3]{4x-3}=c\\\sqrt[3]{9-2x}=d\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta được: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=c+d\\a^3+b^3=c^3+d^3\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1:
Nếu \(a+b=c+d=0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{3x+1}+\sqrt[3]{5-x}=\sqrt[3]{4x-3}+\sqrt[3]{9-2x}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+1=-\left(5-x\right)\\4x-3=-\left(9-2x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=-3\)
TH2: nếu \(a+b=c+d\ne0\)
\(a+b=c+d\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=\left(c+d\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)=c^3+d^3+3cd\left(c+d\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a+b\right)=cd\left(c+d\right)\) (do \(a^3+b^3=c^3+d^3\))
\(\Leftrightarrow ab=cd\) (do \(a+b=c+d\ne0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{\left(3x+1\right)\left(5-x\right)}=\sqrt[3]{\left(4x-3\right)\left(9-2x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)\left(5-x\right)=\left(4x-3\right)\left(9-2x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2-28x+32=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=\dfrac{8}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=\left\{-3;4;\dfrac{8}{5}\right\}\)
Cái cuối này căn bậc 2 hay căn bậc 3 em? Căn bậc 2 thì hơi nghi ngờ về khả năng giải được của pt này.
a: \(x^3+8x=5x^2+4\)
=>\(x^3-5x^2+8x-4=0\)
=>\(x^3-x^2-4x^2+4x+4x-4=0\)
=>\(x^2\left(x-1\right)-4x\left(x-1\right)+4\left(x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
2: \(x^3+3x^2=x+6\)
=>\(x^3+3x^2-x-6=0\)
=>\(x^3+2x^2+x^2+2x-3x-6=0\)
=>\(x^2\cdot\left(x+2\right)+x\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x^2+x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{13}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-1-\sqrt{13}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3: ĐKXĐ: x>=0
\(2x+3\sqrt{x}=1\)
=>\(2x+3\sqrt{x}-1=0\)
=>\(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)
=>\(\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+2\cdot\sqrt{x}\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{9}{16}-\dfrac{17}{16}=0\)
=>\(\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2=\dfrac{17}{16}\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}=-\dfrac{\sqrt{17}}{4}\\\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{\sqrt{17}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{\sqrt{17}-3}{4}\left(nhận\right)\\\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{-\sqrt{17}-3}{4}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(x=\dfrac{13-3\sqrt{17}}{8}\left(nhận\right)\)
4: \(x^4+4x^2+1=3x^3+3x\)
=>\(x^4-3x^3+4x^2-3x+1=0\)
=>\(x^4-x^3-2x^3+2x^2+2x^2-2x-x+1=0\)
=>\(x^3\left(x-1\right)-2x^2\left(x-1\right)+2x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-2x^2+2x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-x^2-x^2+x+x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)^2\cdot\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
=>(x-1)^2=0
=>x-1=0
=>x=1
a.
\(x^3+8x=5x^2+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-5x^2+8x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-4x^2+4x\right)-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)^2-\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
\(x^3+3x^2-x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+x^2-3x\right)+\left(2x^2+2x-6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2+x-3\right)+2\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\dfrac{-1\pm\sqrt{13}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x^4-9\right)+\left(x^3-3x\right)}+\sqrt{\left(x^4-9\right)+\left(2x^3-6x\right)}+\sqrt{x^2-3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x^2-3\right)\left(x^2+x+3\right)}+\sqrt{\left(x^2-3\right)\left(x^2+2x+3\right)}+\sqrt{x^2-3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-3}\left(\sqrt{x^2+x+3}+\sqrt{x^2+2x+3}+1\right)=0\)
\(\text{Nếu }x=\pm\sqrt{3}\Rightarrow\text{thỏa mãn còn lại thì thừa số số 2}>0\text{ nên không thỏa}\)