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\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+2xy+2x+2y+1=x^2y^2+2xy+1-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+1\right)^2=\left(xy+1\right)^2-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy+1\right)^2-\left(x+y+1\right)^2=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy+x+y+2\right)\left(xy-x-y\right)=1\)
Phương trình ước số cơ bản
\(y^2\left(y^2-1\right)+2y\left(y^2-1\right)-x^2-x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y^2+2y\right)\left(y^2-1\right)-x^2-x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(y+1\right)\left(y-1\right)\left(y+2\right)-x^2-x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y^2+y\right)\left(y^2+y-2\right)-x^2-x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y^2+y\right)^2-2\left(y^2+y\right)-x^2-x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y^2+y-1\right)^2-1-x^2-x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2y^2+2y-2\right)^2-\left(2x+1\right)^2-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2y^2+2y-2x-3\right)\left(2y^2+2y+2x-1\right)=3\)
Pt ước số
\(\left(1+x\sqrt{x^2+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+1}-x\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1+x\sqrt{x^2+1}}{\sqrt{x^2+1}+x}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow1+x\sqrt{x^2+1}=\sqrt{x^2+1}+x\)
\(\Rightarrow1+x\sqrt{x^2+1}-\sqrt{x^2+1}-x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)\sqrt{x^2+1}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\\sqrt{x^2+1}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\\sqrt{x^2+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x^2+1=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,2y^2-x+2xy=y+4\\ \Leftrightarrow2y\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2y-1\right)\left(x+y\right)=4=4\cdot1=\left(-4\right)\left(-1\right)=\left(-2\right)\left(-2\right)=2\cdot2\)
Vì \(x,y\in Z\Leftrightarrow2y-1\) lẻ
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2y-1=1\\x+y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2y-1=-1\\x+y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy PT có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)=\left\{\left(3;1\right);\left(4;0\right)\right\}\)
\(x^2+x+1=y^2\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+1=y^2\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-y^2=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(x+y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=-1=\left(-1\right)\cdot1\\ TH_1:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+\dfrac{1}{2}=-1\\x+y+\dfrac{1}{2}=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\x+y=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(TH_2:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+\dfrac{1}{2}=1\\x+y+\dfrac{1}{2}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x+y=-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)