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`2x+5y=11(1)`
`2x-3y=0(2)`
Lấy (1) trừ (2)
`=>8y=11`
`<=>y=11/8`
`<=>x=(3y)/2=33/16`
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+5y=11\\2x-3y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8y=11\\2x-3y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{11}{8}\\2x=3y=3\cdot\dfrac{11}{8}=\dfrac{33}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{33}{16}\\y=\dfrac{11}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{33}{16}\\y=\dfrac{11}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+3y=6\\2x+y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+3y=6\\4x+2y=8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-2\\2x+y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-2=4\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=6\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là (x,y)=(3;-2)
Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(\frac{1}{x}+y\right)+\left(\frac{1}{x}-y\right)=\frac{5}{8}\\\left(\frac{1}{x}+y\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x}-y\right)=-\frac{3}{8}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{2}{x}=\frac{5}{8}\\2y=-\frac{3}{8}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{16}{5}\\y=-\frac{3}{16}\end{cases}}}\)
Bài 2:
a) Ta có: \(\Delta=\left(m-1\right)^2-4\cdot1\cdot\left(-m^2-2\right)\)
\(=m^2-2m+1+4m^2+8\)
\(=5m^2-2m+9>0\forall m\)
Do đó, phương trình luôn có hai nghiệm phân biệt với mọi m
Bài 1:
ĐKXĐ \(2x\ne y\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{2x-y}=a;x+3y=b\)
HPT trở thành
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=\dfrac{3}{2}\\4a-5b=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{3}{2}-b\\4\left(\dfrac{3}{2}-b\right)-5b=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{3}{2}-b\\6-9b=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=\dfrac{8}{9}\\a=\dfrac{11}{18}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3y=\dfrac{8}{9}\\2x-y=\dfrac{18}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x-\dfrac{18}{11}\\x+3\left(2x-\dfrac{18}{11}\right)=\dfrac{8}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{82}{99}\\y=\dfrac{2}{99}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\2x-3y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+2y=6\\2x-3y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y=5\\2x-3y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\2x-3.1=1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(2;1\right)\)
b, \(x^2-7x+10=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-5x-2x+10=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x-5\right)-2\left(x-5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\2x-3y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+3y=9\\2x-3y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=10\\2x-3y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\2.2-3y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ pt có nghiệm duy nhất \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(2;1\right)\)
\(b,x^2-7x+10=0\)
\(\Delta=b^2-4ac=\left(-7\right)^2-4.10=9>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Pt có 2 nghiệm \(x_1,x_2\)
Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{-b+\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=\dfrac{7+3}{2}=5\\x_2=\dfrac{-b-\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=\dfrac{7-3}{2}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{5;2\right\}\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}2x^2+3xy-2y^2-5\left(2x-y\right)=0\left(1\right)\\x^2-2xy-3y^2+15=0\left(2\right)\end{cases}\left(I\right)}\)
Ta có \(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-5\left(2x-y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-y\right)\left(x+2y-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=2x\\x=5-2y\end{cases}}\)
Do đó \(\left(I\right)\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=2x\\x^2-2x\cdot2x-3\left(2x\right)^2+15=0\end{cases}\left(II\right)}\)hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=5-2y\\\left(5-2y\right)^2-2\left(5-2y\right)y-3y^2+15=0\end{cases}\left(III\right)}\)
\(\left(II\right)\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=2x\\-15x^2+15=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1;y=2\\x=-1;y=-2\end{cases}}}\)
\(\left(III\right)\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5-2y\\5y^2-30y+40=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=2;x=1\\y=4;x=-3\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy hệ phương trình (I) đã cho có nghiệm (x;y)=(1;2);(-1;-2);(-3;4)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2y-2x+3y^2=0\\x^2+xy^2+2y=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=0\\x=-y=1\\x=2\sqrt[3]{3};y=-\frac{2}{\sqrt[3]{3}}\end{cases}}\)