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Với \(n\in N;n>0\) có:
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}\left(n+1-n\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Áp dụng vào P có:
\(P=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2016}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2017}}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2017}}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b=1^2+2017=2018\)
Ý A
Bài 1:
\(a,A=6\sqrt{2}-6\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{5}=2\sqrt{5}\\ b,B=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{\sqrt{3}-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}{\sqrt{2}-1}=\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\\ c,=2\sqrt{3}-6\sqrt{3}+15\sqrt{3}-4\sqrt{3}=7\sqrt{3}\\ d,=1+6\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}-1=5\sqrt{3}\\ e,=4\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}-6\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{2}=2\sqrt{2}\)
Bài 2:
\(a,ĐK:x\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\\ PT\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-3}=5\Leftrightarrow2x-3=25\Leftrightarrow x=14\\ b,PT\Leftrightarrow x^2=\sqrt{\dfrac{98}{2}}=\sqrt{49}=7\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{7}\\x=-\sqrt{7}\end{matrix}\right.\\ c,ĐK:x\ge3\\ PT\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-3}\left(\sqrt{x+3}+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-3}=0\left(\sqrt{x+3}+1>0\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x=3\\ d,ĐK:x\ge1\\ PT\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{x-1}+3\sqrt{x-1}=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=1\Leftrightarrow x=2\left(tm\right)\\ e,PT\Leftrightarrow2x-1=16\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{17}{2}\\ f,PT\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-1\right|=\sqrt{3}-1\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=\sqrt{3}-1\\2x-1=1-\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 3:
\(a,Q=\dfrac{1+5}{3-1}=3\\ b,P=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}-6+x-2\sqrt{x}-3-x+4\sqrt{x}+9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\\ P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-3}\\ c,M=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-3}\cdot\dfrac{3-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+5}=\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+5}\)
Vì \(-\sqrt{x}\le0;\sqrt{x}+5>0\) nên \(M< 0\)
Do đó \(\left|M\right|>\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow M< -\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+5}+\dfrac{1}{2}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}-5}{2\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)}< 0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-5< 0\left(\sqrt{x}+5>0\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow0\le x< 25\)
Bài 4:
\(a,A=\dfrac{16+2\cdot4+5}{4-3}=29\\ b,B=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-9-x+9+2x-3\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\\ B=\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\\ c,P=\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+5}{\sqrt{x}-3}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+5}{\sqrt{x}+1}\\ P=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2+4}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\sqrt{x}+1+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}+1}\\ P\ge2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\cdot\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}+1}}=2\sqrt{4}=4\\ P_{min}=4\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2=4\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+1=2\Leftrightarrow x=1\left(tm\right)\)
\(7,=\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+2\cdot2\sqrt{x}+2^2=\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2\\ 8,=\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2-2\cdot3\sqrt{x}+3^2=x-6\sqrt{x}+9\\ 9,=\sqrt{x^3}+\sqrt{y^3}=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{xy}+y\right)\\ 10,=\sqrt{x^3}-\sqrt{y^3}=\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{xy}+y\right)\\ 11,=\sqrt{x^3}+1^3=\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)\\ 12,=\sqrt{x^3}-2^3=\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(x+2\sqrt{x}+4\right)\)
7: \(x+4\sqrt{x}+4=\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2\)
8: \(\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)^2=x-6\sqrt{x}+9\)
9: \(x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{xy}+y\right)\)
7) \(x+4\sqrt{x}+4=\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+2\sqrt{x}.2+2^2=\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2\)
8) \(\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2-2.\sqrt{x}.3+3^2=x-6\sqrt{x}+9\)
9) \(x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{x^3}+\sqrt{y^3}=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{xy}+y\right)\)
10) \(x\sqrt{x}-y\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{x^3}-\sqrt{y^3}=\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{xy}+y\right)\)
11) \(x\sqrt{x}+1=\sqrt{x^3}+1^3=\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)
12) \(x\sqrt{x}-8=\sqrt{x^3}-2^3=\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(x+2\sqrt{x}+4\right)\)
9) \(x-1=\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2-1=\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)
10) \(x\sqrt{x}-1=\sqrt{x^3}-1=\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)
11) \(x-2\sqrt{x}-63=\left(x-2\sqrt{x}+1\right)-64=\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2-8^2=\left(\sqrt{x}-1-8\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1+8\right)=\left(\sqrt{x}-9\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+7\right)\)
Biến đổi các đa thức mà trong này không có đa thức sao mà chuyển
Bài 5:
a, Áp dụng PTG: \(BC=\sqrt{AB^2+AC^2}=5\left(cm\right)\)
\(\sin B=\dfrac{AC}{BC}=\dfrac{3}{5}\approx\sin37^0\\ \Rightarrow\widehat{B}\approx37^0\\ \Rightarrow\widehat{C}\approx90^0-37^0=53^0\)
b, Áp dụng HTL: \(S_{AHC}=\dfrac{1}{2}AH\cdot HC=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{AB\cdot AC}{BC}\cdot\dfrac{AC^2}{BC}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{12}{5}\cdot\dfrac{9}{5}=\dfrac{54}{25}\left(cm^2\right)\)
c, Vì AD là p/g nên \(\dfrac{DH}{DB}=\dfrac{AH}{AB}\)
Mà \(AC^2=CH\cdot BC\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{HC}{AC}=\dfrac{AC}{BC}\)
Mà \(AH\cdot BC=AB\cdot AC\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{AH}{AB}=\dfrac{AC}{BC}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{DH}{DB}=\dfrac{HC}{AC}\)
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a + b, Với \(x>0;x\ne1\)
\(P=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{2}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)^2\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{x-1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)^2\left(\frac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1-x-2\sqrt{x}-1}{x-1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-1\right).\left(-4\sqrt{x}\right)}{4x}=\frac{-x+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
Thay \(x=4\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=2\)vào biểu thức A ta được
\(\frac{-4+1}{2}=-\frac{3}{2}\)
c, Ta có : \(P< 0\Rightarrow\frac{-x+1}{\sqrt{x}}< 0\Rightarrow-x+1< 0\Leftrightarrow x< 1\)