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a) PTHH: \(2CO+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2\) (1)
\(4H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\) (2)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{9,6}{32}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8,8}{44}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=0,1mol\\n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CO}=0,1\cdot28=2,8\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CO}=\dfrac{2,8}{2,8+0,4}\cdot100\%=87,5\%\\\%m_{H_2}=12,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) PTHH: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,6mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,6\cdot158=94,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{89.6}{22.4}=4\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=3a\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2H_2O\)
\(2CO+O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2CO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1.5a+0.5a=4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=2\)
\(n_{H_2}=3\left(mol\right),n_{CO}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%V_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot100\%=75\%\)
\(\%V_{CO}=25\%\)
\(\%m_{H_2}=\dfrac{3\cdot2}{3\cdot2+1\cdot28}\cdot100\%=17.64\%\)
\(\%m_{CO}=100-17.64=82.36\%\)
\(a)\\ 2CO + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CO\\ 2H_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2H_2O\\ n_{H_2} = n_{H_2O} = \dfrac{1,8}{18} = 0,1(mol)\\ \)
Theo PTHH :
\(2n_{O_2} = n_{CO} + n_{H_2}\\ \Leftrightarrow 2.\dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = n_{CO} + 0,1\\ \Leftrightarrow n_{CO} = 0,2(mol)\\ \%V_{H_2} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,1+ 0,2}.100\% = 33,33\%\\ \%V_{CO} = 100\%-33,33\% = 66,67\%\\ c) Cách\ 1 :\\ n_{CO_2} = n_{CO} = 0,2(mol)\\ m_{CO_2} = 0,2.44 = 8,8(gam)\\ Cách\ 2 : \\ m_{hh} = m_{CO} + m_{H_2} = 0,2.28 + 0,1.2 = 5,8(gam) \)
Bảo toàn khối lượng :
\(m_{hh} + m_{O_2} = m_{H_2O} + m_{CO_2}\\ \Rightarrow m_{CO_2} = 5,8 + 0,15.32 - 1,8 = 8,8(gam)\)
a. Gọi số mol của H2, CO lần lượt là a,b.
\(\Rightarrow2a+28b=68\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{89,6}{22,4}=4\left(mol\right)\)
\(2H_2+O_2\rightarrow^{t^0}2H_2O\)
2 : 1 (mol)
a : \(\dfrac{a}{2}\) (mol)
\(2CO+O_2\rightarrow^{t^0}2CO_2\)
2 : 1 (mol)
b : \(\dfrac{b}{2}\) (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{2}=4\left(2\right)\)
-Từ (1) và (2) suy ra: \(b=2;a=6\)
\(\%m_{H_2}=\dfrac{2a}{68}.100\%=\dfrac{2.6}{68}.100\%\approx17,65\%\)
\(\%m_{CO}=\dfrac{28b}{68}.100\%=\dfrac{28.2}{68}.100\%\approx82,35\%\)
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=6.22,4=134,4\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{CO}=n.22,4=2.22,4=44,8\left(l\right)\)
\(\%V_{H_2}=\dfrac{134,4}{134,4+44,8}.100\%=75\%\)
\(\%V_{CO}=\dfrac{44,8}{134,4+44,8}.100\%=25\%\)
a)
Gọi số mol H2, CO là a, b (mol)
=> 2a + 28b = 68 (1)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{89,6}{22,4}=4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
a--->0,5a
2CO + O2 --to--> 2CO2
b--->0,5b
=> 0,5a + 0,5b = 4 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 6 (mol); b = 2 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{H_2}=\dfrac{6.2}{68}.100\%=17,647\%\\\%m_{CO}=\dfrac{2.28}{68}.100\%=82,353\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{H_2}=\dfrac{6}{2+6}.100\%=75\%\\\%V_{CO}=\dfrac{2}{2+6}.100\%=25\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Đốt cháy 2 khí trong O2 dư, dẫn sản phẩm thu được qua dd Ca(OH)2 dư:
+ Không hiện tượng: H2
2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
+ Kết tủa trắng: CO
2CO + O2 --to--> 2CO2
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 --> CaCO3 + H2O
Giả sử các khí được đo ở điều kiện sao cho 1 mol khí chiếm thể tích 1 lít
Gọi số mol CH4, C2H6 là a, b (mol)
=> \(a+b=\dfrac{25}{1}=25\left(mol\right)\) (1)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{95}{1}=95\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
a---->2a---------->a
2C2H6 + 7O2 --to--> 4CO2 + 6H2O
b------>3,5b-------->2b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=95-2a-3,5b\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=a+2b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(95-a-1,5b=\dfrac{60}{1}=60\)
=> a + 1,5b = 35 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 5; b = 20
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{5}{25}.100\%=20\%\\\%V_{C_2H_6}=\dfrac{20}{25}.100\%=80\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\overline{M}_A=\dfrac{5.16+20.30}{5+20}=27,2\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\overline{M}_B=20,5.2=41\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> \(d_{A/B}=\dfrac{27,2}{41}\approx0,663\)
a) \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,05-->0,1------->0,05
2C2H2 + 5O2 --to--> 4CO2 + 2H2O
0,125<--0,3125<----0,25
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,05+0,125}.100\%=28,57\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,125}{0,05+0,125}.100\%=71,43\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,05.16}{0,05.16+0,125.26}.100\%=19,753\%\\\%m_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,125.26}{0,05.16+0,125.26}.100\%=80,247\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{O_2}=0,1+0,3125=0,4125\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O_2}=0,4125.22,4=9,24\left(l\right)\)
=> Vkk = 9,24.5 = 46,2 (l)
a, \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}2H_2O\)
\(2CO+O_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}2CO_2\)
b, Ta có :
\(n_{O2}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H2}=a\\n_{CO}=b\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+28b=13,6\\0,5a+0,5b=0,8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1,2\\b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H2}=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_{CO}=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(\%V_{H2}=\frac{1,2.100}{1,2+0,4}=75\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%V_{CO}=100\%-75\%=25\%\)