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a. Ag không phản ứng nên ta có PTHH: \(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}2MgO\)
\(\rightarrow m_{O_2}=m_{hh}-m_{\mu\text{ối}}=18,8-15,6=3,2g\)
\(\rightarrow n_{O_2}=\frac{3,2}{32}=0,1mol\)
b. \(\rightarrow V_{O_2}=n.22,4=22,4.0,1=2,24l\)
\(\rightarrow V_{kk}=4,48.5=11,2l\)
c. Có \(n_{Mg}=2n_{O_2}=0,2l\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8g\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\frac{4,8.100}{15,6}\approx30,77\%\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{Ag}=100\%-30,77\%=69,23\%\)
a) Gọi số mol Al, Zn là 2a, a (mol)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
2a-->1,5a---------->a
2Zn + O2 --to--> 2ZnO
a---->0,5a------->a
=> \(102a+81a=18,3\)
=> a = 0,1 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{0,2.27+0,1.65}.100\%=45,378\%\\\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{0,2.27+0,1.65}.100\%=54,622\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{O_2}=1,5a+0,5a=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
2Zn + O2 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) 2ZnO (1)
2Mg + O2 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) 2MgO (2)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{m_{ZnO}}{m_{MgO}}=\dfrac{2,025}{1}=\dfrac{81}{40}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnO}=12,1\div\left(81+40\right)\times81=8,1\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=12,1-8,1=4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{8,1}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{Zn}=n_{ZnO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1\times65=6,5\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT2: \(n_{Mg}=n_{MgO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,1\times24=2,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=27,8.19,2\%=5,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{Fe}=27,8-5,4=22,4\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
0,2-->0,15------->0,1
3Fe + 2O2 --to--> Fe3O4
0,4-->4/15--------->2/15
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{kk}=\left(0,15+\dfrac{4}{15}\right).22,4.5=\dfrac{140}{3}\left(l\right)\\m_{Cran}=0,1.102+\dfrac{2}{15}.232=\dfrac{617}{15}\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
mAl=27,8.19,42%=5,4g
⇒nAl=\(\dfrac{5,4}{27}\)=0,2mol
⇒nFe=\(\dfrac{27,8-5,4}{56}\)=0,4mol
4Al+3O2to→2Al2O34
3Fe+2O2to→Fe3O4
⇒nO2=\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)nAl+\(\dfrac{2}{3}\)nFe=\(\dfrac{5}{12}\)mol
⇒Vkk=\(\dfrac{5}{12}\).22,4.5=46,67l
b,
mrắn=27,8+mO2=27,8+\(\dfrac{5}{12}\)32=41,1g
a)
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)
=> 27a + 24b = 7,8 (1)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
a--->0,75a----->0,5a
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b--->0,5b------->b
=> 102.0,5a + 40b = 14,2
=> 51a + 40b = 14,2 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
nO2 = 0,75a + 0,5b = 0,2 (mol)
=> VO2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
=> Vkk = 4,48 : 20% = 22,4 (l)
c)
mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)
mMg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)
a)
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)
=> 27a + 24b = 7,8 (1)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
a--->0,75a----->0,5a
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b--->0,5b------->b
=> 102.0,5a + 40b = 14,2
=> 51a + 40b = 14,2 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
nO2 = 0,75a + 0,5b = 0,2 (mol)
=> VO2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
=> Vkk = 4,48 : 20% = 22,4 (l)
c)
mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)
mMg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)
gọi x là khối lượng MgO (g), khối lượng ZnO là 2,025x (g)
ta có:
\(m_{mgO}+m_{ZnO}=12,1\Leftrightarrow x+2,025x=12,1\\ \Leftrightarrow3,025x=12,1\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{12,1}{3,025}=4\left(g\right)\\ m_{MgO}=4\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnO}=2,025\cdot4=8,1\left(g\right)\)
ta có PTHH(1): \(2Mg+O_2-t^0\rightarrow2MgO_{ }\)
theo gt:
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ theoPTHH:n_{O2}=2n_{MgO}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Mg}=n_{MgO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=o,1\cdot24=2,4\left(g\right)\)
PTHH(2):
\(2Zn+O_2-t^0\rightarrow2ZnO\\ theogt:n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{8,1}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ theoPTHH:n_{O2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{1}{2}0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Zn}=n_{ZnO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1\cdot65=6,5\left(g\right)\)
từ PTHH(1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow n_{O2}=0,05+0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\Rightarrow V_{kk}=2,24\cdot5=11,2\left(l\right)\)
Gọi nMg= x ; nZn= y (x , y >0)
PTHH :
2Mg + O2\(\dfrac{t^o}{ }\)> 2MgO (1)
x ---->\(\dfrac{x}{2}\) ----->x
2Zn + O2 \(\dfrac{t^o}{ }\)> 2ZnO (2)
y---->\(\dfrac{y}{2}\)------>y
Theo đề bài ta có :
40x + 81y = 12,1
và 81y = 2,025 . 40x
=> x = 0,1 ; y = 0,1
Theo pt (1) nMg=nMgO= 0,1 mol
=> mMg = 2,4 g
Theo pt (2) nZn=nZnO=0,1 mol
=> mZn = 6,5 g
mhh = 2,4+ 6,5 = 8,9 g
%Mg =\(\dfrac{2,4}{8,9}\) =26,97 %
%Zn = 100% - 26,97% = 73,03 %
VO2=nO2 . 22,4 = ......