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a) 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
b) Gọi số mol Mg, Al là a, b
=> 24a + 27b = 7,8
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
______a--->0,5a-------->a
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
b-->0,75b------->0,5b
=> 0,5a + 0,75b = 0,2
=> a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2
=> mMg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g); mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Mg=\dfrac{2,4}{7,8}.100\%=30,769\%\\\%Al=\dfrac{5,4}{7,8}.100\%=69,231\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgO}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> m = 4 + 10,2 = 14,2 (g)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10.08}{22.4}=0.45\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe_3O_4\)
\(a.......\dfrac{2a}{3}\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Al_2O_3\)
\(b.......\dfrac{3b}{4}\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2a}{3}+\dfrac{3b}{4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(n_{H_2}=a+1.5b=0.45\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.15,b=0.2\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.15\cdot56=8.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0.2\cdot27=5.4\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8.4}{8.4+5.4}\cdot100\%=60.8\%\)
\(\%m_{Al}=100-60.8=39.2\%\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_P=x\\n_S=y\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_P=31x\\m_S=32y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4P+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2P_2O_5\)
x 1,25x ( mol )
\(S+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)SO_2\)
y y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}31x+32y=15,6\\1,25x+y=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,4\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_P=31.0,4=12,4g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_S=32.0,1=3,2g\)
PTHH: \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\) (1)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\) (2)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{33,6}{22,4}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=1,425\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Mg}=2,85\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,85\cdot24}{2,85\cdot24+2,7}\cdot100\%\approx96,2\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=3,8\%\)
\(n_{O_2} =\dfrac{33,6}{22,4} = 1,5(mol)\\ n_{Al} = \dfrac{2,7}{27} = 0,1(mol)\\ 2Mg + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2MgO\\ 4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Mg} + \dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}\\ \Rightarrow n_{Mg} = 2,85(mol)\)
Vậy :
\(\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{2,85.24}{2,85.24 + 2,7}.100\% = 96,2\%\\ \%m_{Al} = 100\% - 96,2\% = 3,8\%\)
\(2CO + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CO_2\\ 2H_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2H_2O\\ n_{CO} = n_{CO_2} = \dfrac{8,8}{44} = 0,2(mol)\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{n_{CO} + n_{H_2}}{2}=\dfrac{0,2+n_{H_2}}{2} = \dfrac{9,6}{32} = 0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2} = 0,4(mol)\\ \%V_{CO} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,2 + 0,4}.100\% = 33,33\%\\ \%V_{H_2} = 100\% - 33,33\% = 66,67\%\\ \%m_{CO} = \dfrac{0,2.28}{0,2.28+0,4.2}.100\%=87,5\%\\ \%m_{H_2} = 100\% - 87,5\% = 12,5\%\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=22,2\\\dfrac{1}{2}x\cdot102+\dfrac{1}{3}y\cdot232=33,4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot27}{22,2}\cdot100\%=24,32\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-24,32\%=75,68\%\)
b)Theo hai pt trên:
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}+\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot0,2+\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot0,3=0,35mol\)
\(H=80\%\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=80\%\cdot0,35=0,28mol\)
\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\uparrow\)
\(\dfrac{14}{75}\) 0,28
\(m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{14}{75}\cdot122,5=22,87g\)
Gọi số mol Al, Na trong a gam hỗn hợp là x, y (mol)
=> 27x + 23y = a (1)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
x---------------->0,5x
4Na + O2 --to--> 2Na2O
y---------------->0,5y
=> 102.0,5x + 62.0,5y = 1,64.a
=> 51x + 31y = 1,64a (2)
(1)(2) => 51x + 31y = 1,64(27x + 23y)
=> 6,72x = 6,72y
=> x = y
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27x}{27x+23y}.100\%=54\%\\\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{23y}{27x+23y}.100\%=46\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ 2a + 28b = 6,8(1)
\(2H_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2H_2O\\ 2CO + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CO_2\)
Theo PTHH :
\(n_{O_2} = 0,5a + 0,5b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(2)\)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra: a = 0,6 ; b = 0,2
Vậy :
\(\%m_{H_2} = \dfrac{0,6.2}{6,8}.100\% = 17,65\%\\ \%m_{CO} = 100\% - 17,65\% = 82,35\%\)
Cho em hỏi tại sao no2=0.5a+0.5b=0.4
tại sao viết 0.5 mà ko là 1 ạ
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : \(C+O_2\rightarrow CO_2\)
x x x (mol)
PTHH : \(S+O_2\rightarrow SO_2\)
y y y (mol)
\(\rightarrow\) x + y = 0,3 (1)
12x+32y=5,6 (2)
Từ (1),(2) \(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%C=\dfrac{0,2.12}{5,6}.100=42,86\%\)
\(\%S=100\%-42,86\%=57,14\%\)
\(m_C=0,2.12=2,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_S=5,6-2,4=3,2\left(g\right)\)
Gọi số mol Fe là x
số mol Mg là y
Số mol oxi là:
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow Fe_3O_4\\ x.....\dfrac{2}{3}x\)
\(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow2MgO\\ y.....\dfrac{y}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=1,92\\\dfrac{2}{3}x+\dfrac{y}{2}=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=1,92\\84\left(\dfrac{2}{3}x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)=2,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=1,92\\56x+42y=2,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow18y=0.18\Leftrightarrow y=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
Khối lượng magie trong hỗn hợp là:
\(m_{Mg}=0,01.24=0,24\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,24}{1,92}.100=12.5\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=87,5\%\)
hmu sao bị che dzậy nè