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a)
Gọi số mol C2H5OH, CH3COOH là a, b (mol)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{40}{100}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: C2H5OH + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 3H2O
a----->3a-------->2a
CH3COOH + 2O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
b------>2b-------->2b
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 --> CaCO3 + H2O
0,4<----0,4
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+2b=0,5\\2a+2b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) => a = 0,1 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
a = 0,1.46 + 0,1.60 = 10,6 (g)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{0,1.46}{10,6}.100\%=43,4\%\\\%m_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,1.60}{10,6}.100\%=56,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)
PTHH: 2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 --> 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
0,1----------------------------------->0,05
B là khí CO2
V = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12 (l)
Bài 2:
PTHH: \(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) C2H4 p/ứ hết, O2 còn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b) PTHH: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
Theo các PTHH: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=2n_{C_2H_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=0,2\cdot100=20\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O2}=\dfrac{9,408}{22,4}=0,42\left(mol\right)\)
\(O2+2H2\rightarrow2H2O\)
\(O2+2CO\rightarrow2CO2\)
Theo PT
\(n_{O2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{hh}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
=>O2 dư
b) Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H2}=3x\\n_{CO}=2x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow3x+2x=0,5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0,1\)
\(n_{CO2}=n_{CO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H2O}=n_{H2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H2O}=0,3.18=5,4\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ^^
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=x\\n_{C_2H_4}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
x x ( mol )
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\)
y 2y ( mol )
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{80}{100}=0,8mol\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CaCO_3+H_2O\)
0,8 0,8 ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,5\\x+2y=0,8\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}.100=40\%\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_4}=100\%-40\%=60\%\)
\(m_{tăng}=m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}+m_{CaCO_3}=0,8.\left(74+100\right)=139,2g\)
\(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ C_2H_4+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\\ a,n_{O_2}=3.0,5=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=1,5.22,4=33,6\left(l\right)\\ V_{kk\left(đktc\right)}=33,6.5=168\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{CO_2}=n_{H_2O}=2.0,5=1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{CO_2}=44.1=44\left(g\right);m_{H_2O}=18.1=18\left(g\right)\\ c,CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\\ n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CO_2}=1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=1.74=74\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{74.100}{10}=740\left(g\right)\)
\(n_P=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:\(4P+5O_2\rightarrow2P_2O_5\)
tpứ: 0,2 0,35
pứ: 0,2 0,25 0,1
spứ: 0 0,1 0,1
a)chất còn dư là oxi
\(m_{O_2dư}=n.M\)=0,1.32=3,2(g)
b)\(m_{P_2O_5}=n.M\)=0,1.142=14,2(g)
Hỗn hợp gồm: C2H5OH và CH3COOH
C2H5OH + 3O2 => 2CO2 + 3H2O
CH3COOH + 2O2 => 2CO2 + 2H2O
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 dư => CaCO3 +H2O
nO2 = V/22.4 = 11.2 / 22.4 = 0.5 (mol)
nCaCO3 = m/M = 40/100 = 0.4 (mol)
==> nCO2 = 0.4 (mol)
Gọi số mol của C2H5OH và CH3COOH là x,y (mol)
Ta có: 3x + 2y = 0.5; 2x + 2y = 0.4
==> x = y = 0.1 (mol)
a = 0.1 x 46 + 0.1 x 60 = 4.6 + 6 = 10.6 (g)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right),n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2H_2O\)
Lập tỉ lệ :
\(\dfrac{0.5}{2}< \dfrac{0.5}{1}\Rightarrow O_2dư\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0.5\cdot18=9\left(g\right)\)
pthh: 2H2+O2->2H2O
=>....2.........1......2.....(mol)
=>\(\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}\)........\(\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}\).....(mol)
\(=>\dfrac{0,5}{2}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\)=>O2 dư , H2 phản ứng hết
\(=>nH2O=nH2=0,5mol=>mH2O=0,5.18=9g\)