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Bài 1a) \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2018.2019}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+....+\dfrac{1}{2018}-\dfrac{1}{2019}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2019}=\dfrac{2018}{2019}\)
b) \(S=\dfrac{1}{1.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.7}+...+\dfrac{1}{2017.2019}\)
\(2S=\dfrac{2}{1.3}+\dfrac{2}{3.5}+\dfrac{2}{5.7}+...+\dfrac{2}{2017.2019}\)
\(2S=1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{2017}-\dfrac{1}{2019}\)
\(2S=1-\dfrac{1}{2019}=\dfrac{2018}{2019}\)
\(S=\dfrac{1009}{2019}\)
Còn lại bạn làm tương tự hết nhé .
\(L_1=\dfrac{1}{1.2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015.2016.2017}\)
\(L_1=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}-\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015.2016}-\dfrac{1}{2016.2017}\right)\)
\(L_1=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}-\dfrac{1}{2016.2017}\right)\)
\(L_1=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2016.2017}\right)\)
\(L_1=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2.2016.2017}\)
\(L_2=1.2+2.3+...+2006.2007\)
\(3L_2=1.2.3+2.3.\left(4-1\right)+...+2006.2007.\left(2008-2005\right)\)
\(3L_2=1.2.3+2.3.4-1.2.3+...+2006.2007.2008-2005.2006.2007\)\(3L_2=2006.2007.2008\)
\(L_2=\dfrac{2006.2007.2008}{3}\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2.2016.2017}\right).x=\dfrac{2006.2007.2008}{3}\)
Dễ dàng tìm được x nhé
\(B=\dfrac{1}{1.2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3.4}+\dfrac{1}{3.4.5}+......+\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{1.2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}-\dfrac{1}{3.4}+....+\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{1.2}-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
Vậy..
\(B=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}-\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\right)=\dfrac{n^2+3n+2-2}{4\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}=\dfrac{n\left(n+3\right)}{4\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
b.
\(B=\dfrac{1}{1.2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{2}{1.2.3}+\dfrac{2}{2.3.4}+....+\dfrac{2}{\left(n-1\right).n.\left(n+1\right)}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}-\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right).n}-\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2n\left(n+1\right)}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{n.\left(n+1\right).\left(n+2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{\left(n+2\right)-n}{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{1}{1.2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3.4}+\dfrac{1}{3.4.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}-\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}-\dfrac{1}{4.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\right)\)\(=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\right)=\dfrac{n^2+3n}{4\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
Đặt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}l_1=\dfrac{1}{1.2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2005.2006.2007}\\l_2=1.2+2.3+3.4+...+2006.2007\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow l_1.x=l_2\)
Ta có:
\(l_1=\dfrac{1}{1.2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2005.2006.2007}\)
\(l_1=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}-\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2005.2006}-\dfrac{1}{2006.2007}\right)\)
\(l_1=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}-\dfrac{1}{2006.2007}\right)\)
\(l_2=1.2+2.3+3.4+...+2006.2007\)
\(3l_2=1.2.3+2.3.\left(4-1\right)+3.4.\left(5-2\right)+...+2006.2007.\left(2008-2005\right)\)
\(3l_2=1.2.3+2.3.4-1.2.3+3.4.5-2.3.4+...+2006.2007.2008-2005.2006.2007\)
\(3l_2=2006.2007.2008\Leftrightarrow l_2=\dfrac{2006.2007.2008}{3}\)
Hay: \(\left[\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}-\dfrac{1}{2006.2007}\right)\right].x=\dfrac{2006.2007.2008}{3}\)
Tới đây thì bấm máy tính là ra :V
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Giải:
1) \(\dfrac{-1}{12}-\left(2\dfrac{5}{8}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{12}-\left(\dfrac{21}{8}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{12}-\dfrac{55}{24}\)
\(=\dfrac{-19}{8}\)
2) \(-1,75-\left(\dfrac{-1}{9}-2\dfrac{1}{18}\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{7}{4}+\dfrac{1}{9}+2\dfrac{1}{18}\)
\(=-\dfrac{7}{4}+\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{37}{18}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{12}\)
3) \(-\dfrac{5}{6}-\left(-\dfrac{3}{8}+\dfrac{1}{10}\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{5}{6}+\dfrac{3}{8}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(=-\dfrac{67}{120}\)
4) \(\dfrac{2}{5}+\left(-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)+\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=-\dfrac{43}{30}\)
5) \(\dfrac{3}{12}-\left(\dfrac{6}{15}-\dfrac{3}{10}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{12}-\dfrac{6}{15}+\dfrac{3}{10}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{20}\)
6) \(\left(8\dfrac{5}{11}+3\dfrac{5}{8}\right)-3\dfrac{5}{11}\)
\(=8\dfrac{5}{11}+3\dfrac{5}{8}-3\dfrac{5}{11}\)
\(=8+\dfrac{5}{11}+3+\dfrac{5}{8}-3-\dfrac{5}{11}\)
\(=8+\dfrac{5}{8}\)
\(=\dfrac{69}{8}\)
7) \(-\dfrac{1}{4}.13\dfrac{9}{11}-0,25.6\dfrac{2}{11}\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{4}.13\dfrac{9}{11}-\dfrac{1}{4}.6\dfrac{2}{11}\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(13\dfrac{9}{11}+6\dfrac{2}{11}\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(13+\dfrac{9}{11}+6+\dfrac{2}{11}\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(13+6+1\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{4}.20=-5\)
8) \(\dfrac{4}{9}:\left(-\dfrac{1}{7}\right)+6\dfrac{5}{9}:\left(-\dfrac{1}{7}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{9}\left(-7\right)+6\dfrac{5}{9}\left(-7\right)\)
\(=-7\left(\dfrac{4}{9}+6\dfrac{5}{9}\right)\)
\(=-7\left(\dfrac{4}{9}+6+\dfrac{5}{9}\right)\)
\(=-7\left(6+1\right)\)
\(=-7.7=-49\)
Vậy ...