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Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2\cdot2}< \dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3\cdot3}< \dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}=\dfrac{1}{4\cdot4}< \dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}\)
...
\(\dfrac{1}{9^2}=\dfrac{1}{9\cdot9}< \dfrac{1}{8\cdot9}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{10^2}=\dfrac{1}{10\cdot10}< \dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{10^2}< \dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{9}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1\) (vì: \(\dfrac{9}{10}< 1\))
Sửa đề:
CMR: \(1-\dfrac{1}{2^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}-...-\dfrac{1}{2004^2}>\dfrac{1}{2004}\)
Giải:
Ta có:
\(1-\dfrac{1}{2^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{4^2}-...-\dfrac{1}{2004^2}\)
\(=1-\left(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2014^2}\right)\)
Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2004^2}\)
Dễ thấy:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}>\dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}>\dfrac{1}{3.4}\)
\(.............................\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2004^2}=\dfrac{1}{2004.2004}>\dfrac{1}{2004.2005}\)
Cộng các vế trên với nhau ta được:
\(A>\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2004.2005}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2004}-\dfrac{1}{2005}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2005}=2\)
Chết!
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2005}=\dfrac{2003}{4010}\)
Còn lại tự giải thôi! Dễ rồi
Theo bài ra, ta có: \(B=\dfrac{2018}{1}+\dfrac{2017}{2}+\dfrac{2016}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2018}\)
\(B=\left(\dfrac{2018}{1}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2017}{2}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2016}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2018}+1\right)-2018\)
\(B=2019+\dfrac{2019}{2}+\dfrac{2019}{3}+...+\dfrac{2019}{2018}-2018\)
\(B=\dfrac{2019}{2}+\dfrac{2019}{3}+...+\dfrac{2019}{2018}+\left(2019-2018\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{2019}{2}+\dfrac{2019}{3}+...+\dfrac{2019}{2018}+1\)
\(B=\dfrac{2019}{2}+\dfrac{2019}{3}+...+\dfrac{2019}{2018}+\dfrac{2019}{2019}\)
\(B=2019\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2019}\right)\)
Khi đó:\(\dfrac{B}{A}=\dfrac{2019\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2019}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2019}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{B}{A}=2019\), là 1 số nguyên.
Vậy \(\dfrac{B}{A}\) là số nguyên.
\(A=\dfrac{3}{1^2+2^2}+\dfrac{5}{2^2+3^2}+...+\dfrac{19}{9^2+10^2}\) (sửa \(1^22^2\) thành \(1^2+2^2\))
Ta có : \(\left(1+2\right)^2=1^2+2^2+2.1.2\Rightarrow1^2+2^2< \left(1+2\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow1^2+2^2< 3^2=3.3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{1^2+2^2}< \dfrac{1}{3}< 1\)
Tương tự \(\dfrac{5}{2^2+3^2}< \dfrac{1}{5}< 1\)
\(.....\)
\(\dfrac{9}{9^2+10^2}< \dfrac{1}{19}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{3}{1^2+2^2}+\dfrac{5}{2^2+3^2}+...+\dfrac{19}{9^2+10^2}< 1.9=9< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{9^2}\)
=>\(A< \dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+...+\dfrac{1}{8\cdot9}\)
=>\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{9}=1-\dfrac{1}{9}=\dfrac{8}{9}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{9^2}\)
=>\(A>\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\)
=>\(A>\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
=>\(A>\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{10}=\dfrac{5}{10}-\dfrac{1}{10}=\dfrac{4}{10}=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{2}{5}< A< \dfrac{8}{9}\)
Ta có: \(M=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{99}+\dfrac{2}{98}+\dfrac{3}{97}+\dfrac{4}{96}+...+\dfrac{97}{3}+\dfrac{98}{2}+\dfrac{99}{1}}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(1+\dfrac{1}{99}\right)+\left(1+\dfrac{2}{98}\right)+\left(1+\dfrac{3}{97}\right)+\left(1+\dfrac{4}{96}\right)+...+\left(1+\dfrac{98}{2}\right)+1}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{100}{99}+\dfrac{100}{98}+\dfrac{100}{97}+...+\dfrac{100}{1}+\dfrac{100}{2}}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}}\)
=100
Ta có: \(N=\dfrac{92-\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{2}{10}-\dfrac{3}{11}-...-\dfrac{90}{98}-\dfrac{91}{99}-\dfrac{92}{100}}{\dfrac{1}{45}+\dfrac{1}{50}+\dfrac{1}{55}+...+\dfrac{1}{495}+\dfrac{1}{500}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(1-\dfrac{1}{9}\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{2}{10}\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{3}{11}\right)+...+\left(1-\dfrac{90}{98}\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{91}{99}\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{92}{100}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{5}\left(\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{10}+\dfrac{1}{11}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{8}{9}+\dfrac{8}{10}+\dfrac{8}{11}+...+\dfrac{8}{99}+\dfrac{8}{100}}{\dfrac{1}{5}\left(\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{10}+\dfrac{1}{11}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\dfrac{1}{5}}=40\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{M}{N}=\dfrac{100}{40}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
a,=\(\dfrac{\left(2-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right).12}{\left(2+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{4}\right).12}\)+\(\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{3}{5}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right).20}{\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{2}{5}\right).20}\)
=\(\dfrac{24-4+3}{24+2-3}\) +\(\dfrac{12-5+10}{10+15-8}\)(nhân từng số hạng với 12;20)
=\(\dfrac{23}{23}\)+\(\dfrac{17}{17}\) =1+1=2
b,=\(\dfrac{5.\left(\dfrac{1}{79}\right)+5.\left(\dfrac{1}{83}\right)+\dfrac{1}{17}}{17.\left(\dfrac{1}{79}\right)+17.\left(\dfrac{1}{83}\right)+\dfrac{1}{5}}\)=\(\dfrac{5.\left(\dfrac{1}{79}+\dfrac{1}{83}\right)+\dfrac{1}{17}}{17.\left(\dfrac{1}{79}+\dfrac{1}{83}\right)+\dfrac{1}{5}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{10^2}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3};\dfrac{1}{4^2}< \dfrac{1}{3.4};...\dfrac{1}{10^2}< \dfrac{1}{9.10}\)
\(A< \dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{9.10}\)
Do đó \(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{10}\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(A=\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{10^2}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
`A = 1/3^2 + 1/4^2 + ... + 1/10^2`
Ta có:
`1/3^2 < 1/(2.3)`
`1/(4^2) < 1/(3.4)`
`...`
`1/(10^2) < 1/(9.10)`
`=> A < 1/2 - 1/3 + 1/3 - 1/4 + ... + 1/9 - 1/10 = 1/2 - 1/10 < 1/2`.