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a) \(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{80}\)
\(2A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{81}\)
\(2A-A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{81}-1-2-2^2-...-2^{80}\)
\(A=2^{81}-1\)
Nên A + 1 là:
\(A+1=2^{81}-1+1=2^{81}\)
b) \(B=1+3+3^2+...+3^{99}\)
\(3B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{100}\)
\(3B-B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{100}-1-3-3^2-...-3^{99}\)
\(2B=3^{100}-1\)
Nên 2B + 1 là:
\(2B+1=3^{100}-1+1=3^{100}\)
2)
a) \(2^x\cdot\left(1+2+2^2+...+2^{2015}\right)+1=2^{2016}\)
Gọi:
\(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{2015}\)
\(2A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2016}\)
\(A=2^{2016}-1\)
Ta có:
\(2^x\cdot\left(2^{2016}-1\right)+1=2^{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow2^x\cdot\left(2^{2016}-1\right)=2^{2016}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow2^x=\dfrac{2^{2016}-1}{2^{2016}-1}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow2^x=2^0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0\)
b) \(8^x-1=1+2+2^2+...+2^{2015}\)
Gọi: \(B=1+2+2^2+...+2^{2015}\)
\(2B=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2016}\)
\(B=2^{2016}-1\)
Ta có:
\(8^x-1=2^{2016}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2^3\right)^x-1=2^{2016}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{3x}-1=2^{2016}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{3x}=2^{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow3x=2016\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{2016}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=672\)
\(2^{x+1}\cdot2^{2014}=2^{2015}\\ 2^{x+1}=2^{2015}:2^{2014}\\ 2^{x+1}=2\\ =>x+1=1\\ x=1-1\\ x=0\)
\(S=1-2+2^2-2^3+...+2^{2012}-2^{2013}\)
\(\Rightarrow2S=2-2^2+2^3-2^4+...+2^{2013}-2^{2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow2S+S=2-2^2+2^3-...-2^{2014}+1-2^2-2^3+...-2^{2013}\)
\(\Rightarrow3S=1-2^{2014}\)\(\Rightarrow3S-2^{2014}=1-2^{2015}\)
\(A=2^1+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2\left(1+2^1+2^2\right)+2^4\left(1+2^1+2^2\right)...+2^{2014}\left(1+2^1+2^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2.7+2^4.7...+2^{2014}.7\)
\(\Rightarrow A=7\left(2+2^4...+2^{2014}\right)⋮7\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
ta có: \(S=1-2+2^2-2^3+2^4-2^5+...+2^{2013}-2^{2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow2S=2-2^2+2^3-2^4+2^5-2^6+...+2^{2014}-2^{2015}\)
=> 2S + S = -22015 + 1
=> 3S = -22015 + 1
=> 3S - 1 = -22015
=> 1 - 3S = 22015
( cn về S = 1 - 2 + 22 - 23 + 24-25+...+22013 - 22014 mk vx chưa hiểu quy luật của nó lắm, thật lòng xl bn nha! mk chỉ bk z thoy!)
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(3n+1⋮n-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3n-3+4⋮n-1\)
mà \(3n-3⋮n-1\)
nên \(4⋮n-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n-1\inƯ\left(4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n-1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{2;0;3;-1;5;-3\right\}\)(tm)
Vậy: \(n\in\left\{2;0;3;-1;5;-3\right\}\)
Ta có : 22016 = 22013.23 = 22013.8
Lại có : 22015 + 22014 + 22013 = 22013.(22 + 2 + 1) = 22013.7
Vì 7 < 8
=> 22013.8 < 22013.7
=> 22016 < 22015 + 22014 + 22013 = 22013 (đpcm)