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\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{a^2}{b^2}+1\ge2\frac{a}{b}\\\frac{b^2}{a^2}+1\ge2\frac{b}{a}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}+2\ge2\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{ab}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}+2\ge\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{2}+2\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}\ge\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
Áp dụng BĐT cô-si, ta được:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}+\sqrt{b}\ge2\sqrt{a}\\\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{a}\ge2\sqrt{b}\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{a}}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\)
=> \(\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{a}}\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\) (đpcm)
Vậy....
Biến đổi tương đương ta được :
\(\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{a}}\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\le\frac{\sqrt{a}^3+\sqrt{b}^3}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\le\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a-\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{ab}\le a-\sqrt{ab}+b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\)( đúng với đk )
\(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{b+c}+a+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+b+\frac{c^2}{a+b}+c\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}+a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+1\right)+b\left(\frac{b}{a+c}+1\right)+c\left(\frac{c}{a+b}+1\right)\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}\right)+b\left(\frac{a+b+c}{c+a}\right)+c\left(\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}\right)\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\frac{a}{b+c}+\left(a+b+c\right)\frac{b}{c+a}+\left(a+b+c\right)\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}+1+\frac{b}{c+a}+1+\frac{c}{a+b}+1\ge\frac{3}{2}+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{c+a}+\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2a+2b+2c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b+c+c+a+a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}b+c+c+a+a+b\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}\\\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nhân từng vế :
\(\Rightarrow\left(b+c+c+a+a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9\sqrt[3]{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right).\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(b+c+c+a+a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9\left(đpcm\right)\)
Vậy với a ,b ,c > 0 thì \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cô-si cho các số thực không âm ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b+c}\times\frac{b+c}{4}}=a\) (1)
\(\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{a+c}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{a+c}\times\frac{a+c}{4}}=b\) (2)
\(\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{a+b}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{c^2}{a+b}\times\frac{a+b}{4}}=c\) (3)
Cộng (1),(2) và (3),vế theo vế ta được:
\(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :a=b=c
Vậy \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}\) với a,b,c >0
mình nghĩ đề bài sai một chỗ :\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}\)chứ ko phải là \(\frac{a}{b^2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bu-nhi-a mở rộng, ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c}\)
\(=a+b+c\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c
Do a,b,c dương nên áp dụng cô-si cho 2 số dương \(\frac{a^2}{b}\)và\(b\)ta được
\(\frac{a^2}{b}+b\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b}\cdot b}=2a\)
Tương tự
\(\frac{b^2}{c}+c\ge2b\): \(\frac{c^2}{a}+a\ge2c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}+a+b+c\ge2a+2b+2c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\ge a+b+c\)
bài này nhiều cách làm nhưng bn xem thử cách này nhé
\(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}-\frac{b^2}{b+a}-\frac{c^2}{b+c}-\frac{a^2}{c+a}\)
\(=\left(\frac{a^2}{a+b}-\frac{b^2}{b+a}\right)+\left(\frac{b^2}{b+c}-\frac{c^2}{b+c}\right)+\left(\frac{c^2}{c+a}-\frac{a^2}{c+a}\right)\)
\(=a-b+b-c+c-a=0\)
Từ đây ta suy ra được
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}\le\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\\\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}\ge\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\end{cases}}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(|a|=|b|=|c|\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^3}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^2}{b^3}.\dfrac{1}{a}.\dfrac{1}{a}}=\dfrac{3}{b}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}.\dfrac{1}{c}.\dfrac{1}{c}}=\dfrac{3}{a}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}.\dfrac{1}{c}.\dfrac{1}{c}}=\dfrac{3}{a}\)
Cộng theo vế ta được:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^3}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^3}+\dfrac{a^2}{a^3}+\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\ge3\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^3}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^3}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)