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Ta có:
\(1+x^2=xy+yz+zx+x^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
\(1+y^2=xy+yz+xz+y^2=\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(1+z^2=xy+yz+xz+z^2=\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
Thay vào A được:
\(P=x\sqrt{\frac{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+y\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}}\)\(+z\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\)
\(=x\sqrt{\left(y+z\right)^2}+y\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)^2}+z\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
\(=x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=xy+xz+xy+yz+xz+zy\)
\(=2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
\(=2\)(do xy+yz+xz=1)
=>Đpcm
Dạng toán này rất nhiều bạn hỏi rồi: thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\) vào các căn thức rồi phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử.
\(\Sigma\dfrac{a^2}{\left(2a+b\right)\left(2a+c\right)}=\Sigma\left(\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{a^2\left(2+1\right)^2}{2a.\left(\Sigma a\right)+2a^2+bc}\right)\le\Sigma\left(\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{4a^2}{2a\left(\Sigma a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\)
\(=\Sigma\left(\dfrac{1}{9}.\left(\dfrac{2a}{\Sigma a}+\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\right)=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(2+\Sigma\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\)
Cần chứng minh \(\Sigma\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\le1\)
<=> \(\Sigma\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}\ge1\) (*)
Đặt (x;y;z) -------> \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Suy ra (*) <=> \(\Sigma\frac{x^2}{x^2+2xy}\ge1\Leftrightarrow\frac{\Sigma x^2}{\Sigma x^2}\ge1\) (đúng)
Vậy \(\Sigma\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\le1\)
Suy ra \(\Sigma\frac{a^2}{\left(2a+b\right)\left(2a+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(2+\Sigma\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\le\frac{1}{9}\left(2+1\right)=\frac{1}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x = y = z = 1
Theo AM - GM và Bunhiacopski ta có được
\(x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2};\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\ge\frac{2}{xy}\ge\frac{8}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
Khi đó \(LHS\ge\left[\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}+z^2\right]\left[\frac{8}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right]\)
\(\)\(=\left[\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{z}{x+y}\right)^2\right]\left[8+\left(\frac{x+y}{z}\right)^2\right]\)
Đặt \(t=\frac{z}{x+y}\ge1\)
Khi đó:\(LHS\ge\left(\frac{1}{2}+t^2\right)\left(8+\frac{1}{t^2}\right)=8t^2+\frac{1}{2t^2}+5\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{2t^2}+\frac{t^2}{2}\right)+\frac{15t^2}{2}+5\ge\frac{27}{2}\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
Ta có:
\(VT-VP=\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(\Sigma xy\right)\left(\Sigma x\right)\left[z\left(x+y\right)-xy\right]\left(z-x-y\right)}{x^2y^2z^2\left(x+y\right)^2}+\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2\left(2x+y\right)^2\left(x+2y\right)^2}{2x^2y^2\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge0\)
Vì \(z\left(x+y\right)-xy\ge\left(x+y\right)^2-xy\ge4xy-xy>0\)
Đặt a=x-2; b=y-2; c=z-2. Phải chứng minh abc =<1
Thật vậy, từ \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=1\)ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}=1\)
Theo BĐT Cauchy ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a+2}=\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{b+2}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{c+2}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{b+2}+\frac{c}{c+2}\right)\ge\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}}\left(1\right)\)
tương tự \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{b+2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{ac}{\left(a+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}}\left(2\right)\\\frac{1}{c+2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)}}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Nhân các vế của (1)(2)(3) ta được đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c hay x=y=z=3
\(\frac{1}{x^3\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{1}{y^3\left(z+x\right)}+\frac{1}{z^3\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{y^2z^2}{x\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{z^2x^2}{y\left(z+x\right)}+\frac{x^2y^2}{z\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
a) Ta có : \(1+x^2=xy+yz+zx+x^2=x\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)\)
b) \(\Sigma\left(x\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+z^2\right)}{1+x^2}}\right)=\Sigma\left(x\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right).\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\right)\)
\(=\Sigma\left(x\left(y+z\right)\right)=xy+xz+xy+yz+zx+zy=2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=2\)
Đặt x-2=a; y-2=b; z-2=c (a,b,c>0)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}=1\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{a+2}=1-\frac{1}{b+2}-\frac{1}{c+2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+2}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{c+2}\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{a+2}=\frac{b}{2\left(b+2\right)}+\frac{c}{2\left(c+2\right)}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{4\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}}=\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta cũng có: \(\frac{1}{b+2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(c+2\right)\left(a+2\right)}}\left(2\right);\frac{1}{c+2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)}}\left(3\right)\)
Nhân (1),(2),(3) vế theo vế ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}\ge\sqrt{\frac{\left(abc\right)^2}{\left[\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)\right]^2}}\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}\ge\frac{abc}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc\le1\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(y-2\right)\left(z-2\right)\le1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=3
Chia hai vế của cho xyz khác 0, ta cần chứng minh:
\(\left(1-\frac{2}{x}\right)\left(1-\frac{2}{y}\right)\left(1-\frac{2}{z}\right)\le\frac{1}{xyz}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y};\frac{1}{z}\right)\rightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)\). Bài toán trở thành:
Cho 0 <a,b,c \(< \frac{1}{2}\) thỏa mãn \(a+b+c=1\). Chứng minh rằng:
\(\left(1-2a\right)\left(1-2b\right)\left(1-2c\right)\le abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\le abc\)
BĐT đến đây trở về dạng quen thuộc! Hoặc không thì nó hiển nhiên đúng theo BĐT Schur