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\(P=3\left(x+\dfrac{9}{x}\right)+\left(y+\dfrac{16}{y}\right)+\left(x+y\right)\)
\(P\ge3.2\sqrt{\dfrac{9x}{x}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{16y}{y}}+7=33\)
\(P_{min}=33\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(3;4\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{2x^2}{2x+2yz}+\dfrac{2y^2}{2y+2zx}+\dfrac{2z^2}{2z+2xy}+\dfrac{9}{8\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{2x^2}{x^2+1+y^2+z^2}+\dfrac{2y^2}{y^2+1+z^2+x^2}+\dfrac{2z^2}{z^2+1+x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{9}{8\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{x^2+y^2+z^2+1}+\dfrac{9}{8\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}\)
Đặt \(x^2+y^2+z^2=a>0\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{2a}{a+1}+\dfrac{9}{8a}=\dfrac{2a}{a+1}+\dfrac{9}{8a}-\dfrac{15}{8}+\dfrac{15}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{\left(a-3\right)^2}{8a\left(a+1\right)}+\dfrac{15}{8}\ge\dfrac{15}{8}\)
\(A_{min}=\dfrac{15}{8}\) khi \(a=3\) hay \(x=y=z=1\)
\(P=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x+y-x}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{x+y-y}}=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2}{x\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{y^2}{y\sqrt{x}}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{\sqrt{xy}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{\dfrac{x+y}{2}.\left(1.\sqrt{x}+1.\sqrt{y}\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{\dfrac{x+y}{2}.\sqrt{\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2}\)
"=" khi x = y = 1/2
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM:
\(P=4x+3y+\dfrac{6}{x}+\dfrac{9}{2y}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{6}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}y+\dfrac{9}{2y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{5}{2}x+\dfrac{5}{2}y\right)\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2}x\times\dfrac{6}{x}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2}y\times\dfrac{9}{2y}}+\dfrac{5}{2}\times5\)
\(=\dfrac{43}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{2}x=\dfrac{6}{x}\\\dfrac{1}{2}y=\dfrac{9}{2y}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\left(\text{nhận}\right)\)
Vậy \(Min_P=\dfrac{43}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}+\dfrac{1}{4xy}+4xy+\dfrac{5}{4xy}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{4}{x^2+y^2+2xy}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4xy}.4xy}+\dfrac{5}{4.\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{4}{1^2}+2+\dfrac{5}{1^2}\) (do \(x+y\le1\))
\(=11\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy GTNN của A là 11.
Ta có \(\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{y+2}+\dfrac{1}{z+3}\ge\dfrac{9}{x+y+z+6}\), do đó:
\(\dfrac{9}{x+y+z+6}\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge3\)
Đặt \(x+y+z=t\left(t\ge3\right)\). Khi đó \(P=t+\dfrac{1}{t}\)
\(P=\dfrac{t}{9}+\dfrac{1}{t}+\dfrac{8}{9}t\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{t}{9}.\dfrac{1}{t}}+\dfrac{8}{9}.3\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{24}{9}\)
\(=\dfrac{10}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t=x+y+z=3\\x+1=y+2=z+3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(2,1,0\right)\)
Vậy \(min_P=\dfrac{10}{3}\Leftrightarrow\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(2,1,0\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(P=3x+2y+\dfrac{6}{x}+\dfrac{8}{y}\)
\(=3x+\dfrac{12}{x}+2y+\dfrac{32}{y}-6\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}\right)\)
\(=2\sqrt{3x\cdot\dfrac{12}{x}}+2\sqrt{2y\cdot\dfrac{32}{y}}-6\cdot\dfrac{\left(1+2\right)^2}{x+y}\)
\(=28-6\cdot\dfrac{\left(1+2\right)^2}{6}=19\)
\("=" \Leftrightarrow x=2;y=4\)
Lời giải:
Ta có: $A=x^2+\frac{1}{y(x-y)}$. Đặt $x-y=a$ với $a>0$ thì áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
$A=(a+y)^2+\frac{1}{ay}\geq 4ay+\frac{1}{ay}\geq 2\sqrt{4ay.\frac{1}{ay}}=4$
Vậy $A_{\min}=4$ khi $x=\sqrt{2}; y=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$
\(\Leftrightarrow2P=6x+4y+\dfrac{12}{x}+\dfrac{16}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow2P=\left(\dfrac{12}{x}+3x\right)+\left(\dfrac{16}{y}+y\right)+3\left(x+y\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow2P\ge2\sqrt{36}+2\sqrt{16}+3\cdot6=12+8+18=38\\ \Leftrightarrow P\ge19\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x^2=12\\y^2=16\\x+y=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)