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a, \(^{\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-z\right)^2\ge0\\\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}x^2-2xy+y^2+y^2-2yz+z^2+z^2-2xz+z^2\ge0}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx\le\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{a^2}{3}\). dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi x=y=z=a/3
b,Ap dụng bđt bunhia ta đc \(\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2=a^2\Rightarrow B\ge\frac{a^2}{3}\)
dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=a/3
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, Từ x+y=1
=>x=1-y
Ta có: \(x^3+y^3=\left(1-y\right)^3+y^3=1-3y+3y^2-y^3+y^3\)
\(=3y^2-3y+1=3\left(y^2-y+\frac{1}{3}\right)=3\left(y^2-2.y.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{12}\right)\)
\(=3\left[\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{12}\right]=3\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\ge\frac{1}{4}\) với mọi y
=>GTNN của x3+y3 là 1/4
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(< =>\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0< =>y=\frac{1}{2}< =>x=y=\frac{1}{2}\) (vì x=1-y)
Vậy .......................................
b) Ta có: \(P=\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{z^2}{y+x}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x^2}{y+z}+x\right)+\left(\frac{y^2}{z+x}+y\right)+\left(\frac{z^2}{y+z}+z\right)-\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x+y+z\right)}{y+z}+\frac{y\left(x+y+z\right)}{z+x}+\frac{z\left(x+y+z\right)}{y+z}-\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{y+x}-1\right)\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{y+x}\)
\(A=\left(\frac{x}{y+z}+1\right)+\left(\frac{y}{z+x}+1\right)+\left(\frac{z}{y+x}+1\right)-3\)
\(=\frac{x+y+z}{y+z}+\frac{x+y+z}{z+x}+\frac{x+y+z}{y+x}-3\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{y+x}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)-3\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)+\left(z+x\right)\right]\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)-3\ge\frac{9}{2}-3=\frac{3}{2}\)
(phần này nhân phá ngoặc rồi dùng biến đổi tương đương)
\(=>P=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{y+x}-1\right)\ge2\left(\frac{3}{2}-1\right)=1\)
=>minP=1
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=>x=y=z
Vậy.....................
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
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Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunyakovsky:
\(P^2=\left(\sqrt{2x+yz}+\sqrt{2y+xz}+\sqrt{2z+xy}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(2x+yz+2y+xz+2z+xy\right)\)
\(=3\left(4+xy+yz+xz\right)=12+3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
Mặt khác,theo AM-GM:
\(3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\le\left(x+y+z\right)^2=4\)
\(\Rightarrow12+3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\le12+4=16\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2\le16\Leftrightarrow P\le4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)