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Ta có: \(\sqrt{x^2+xy+y^2}=\sqrt{x^2+xy+\frac{y^2}{4}+\frac{3y^2}{4}}=\sqrt{\left(x+\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3y^2}{4}}\)
Tương tự ta viết lại A và áp dụng BĐT Mipcopxki :
\(A=\sqrt{\left(x+\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3y^2}{4}}+\sqrt{\left(y+\frac{z}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3z^2}{4}}+\sqrt{\left(z+\frac{x}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3x^2}{4}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(x+\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}y}{2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(y+\frac{z}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}z}{2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(z+\frac{x}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}x}{2}\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(x+y+z\right)}{2}\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(\frac{3\cdot3}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}\cdot3}{2}\right)^2}=\sqrt{27}\)
Xảy ra khi x=y=z=1
Cho x,y,z >0 thỏa mãn x+y+z = 2. Tìm GTLN của biểu thức
\(P=\sqrt{2x+yz}+\sqrt{2y+xz}+\sqrt{2z+xy}\)
\(\sqrt{2x+yz}=\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}=\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+x+z\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2x+y+z\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\sqrt{2y+xz}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+2y+z\right)\) ; \(\sqrt{2z+xy}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+2z\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(4x+4y+4z\right)=4\)
\(P_{max}=4\) khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
P = \(1.\sqrt{2x+yz}+1.\sqrt{2y+xz}+1.\sqrt{2z+xy}\)
\(\le\sqrt{\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(2x+yz+2y+xz+2z+xy\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{3.\left(4+xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
Đã biết x2 + y2 + z2 \(\ge\)xy + yz + zx
=> xy + yz + zx \(\le\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
Khi đó \(P\le\sqrt{3\left(4+xy+yz+zx\right)}\le\sqrt{3\left[4+\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\right]}\)
= 4
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = 2/3
\(\sqrt{2x+yz}=\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)x+yz}=\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\le\dfrac{x+2y+z}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow P=\sum\sqrt{2x+yz}\le\dfrac{x+2y+z+2x+y+z+x+y+2z}{2}=\dfrac{4\left(x+y+z\right)}{2}=2\cdot2=4\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Ta có \(x+y+z\ge\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\sqrt{xy}+y\right)+\left(y-2\sqrt{yz}+z\right)+\left(z-2\sqrt{zx}+x\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{z}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z}-\sqrt{x}\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy \(x+y+z\ge\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}=1\)
Theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel
\(A=\dfrac{x^2}{x+y}+\dfrac{y^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{z^2}{z+x}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{x+y}=\dfrac{y}{y+z}=\dfrac{z}{z+x}\\\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
áp dụng bđt cô si ta có:
\(xy\le\frac{x^2+y^2}{2};yz\le\frac{y^2+z^2}{2};zx\le\frac{z^2+x^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\sqrt{\frac{x^2+y^2}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{y^2+z^2}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{z^2+x^2}{2}}\)
theo bunhia thì \(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2;2\left(y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(y+z\right)^2;2\left(z^2+x^2\right)\ge\left(z+x\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}}+\sqrt{\frac{\left(y+z\right)^2}{4}}+\sqrt{\frac{\left(z+x\right)^2}{4}}=\frac{x+y}{2}+\frac{y+z}{2}+\frac{z+x}{2}=x+y+z=1\)
Vậy \(Min_A=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}>=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{xy}}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+y^3+z^3}}{yz}>=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{yz}}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+z^3+x^3}}{xz}>=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{xz}}\)
=>\(VT>=\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xz}}\right)=3\sqrt{3}\)
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}\)\(\ge3+\sqrt{x^2.\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}+1}+\sqrt{y^2.\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}+1}\)
\(+\sqrt{z^2.\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}+1}\)
Ta có biến đổi sau:
\(VT=\frac{xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+zx\left(z+x\right)+3xyz}{xyz}\)\(=\frac{x+y}{z}+\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}+3\)
\(VP=\sqrt{\frac{x+y}{z}.\frac{y+z}{x}}+\sqrt{\frac{y+z}{x}.\frac{z+x}{y}}+\sqrt{\frac{z+x}{y}.\frac{x+y}{z}}\)
Nên bđt đã cho tương đương với:
\(\frac{x+y}{z}+\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}\)\(\ge\sqrt{\frac{x+y}{z}.\frac{y+z}{x}}+\sqrt{\frac{y+z}{x}.\frac{z+x}{y}}+\sqrt{\frac{z+x}{y}.\frac{x+y}{z}}\)
Đúng theo bđt cơ bản \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz Engel, ta được:
T\(\ge\)\(\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}}\)+x+y+z+\(\sqrt{xy}\)+\(\sqrt{yz}\)+\(\sqrt{zx}\)-(x+y+z+\(\sqrt{xy}\)+\(\sqrt{yz}\)+\(\sqrt{zx}\))
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM , ta được:
T\(\ge\)2(x+y+z)-x-y-z-\(\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)=\(\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{2019}{2}\)
Vậy: GTNN của A=\(\frac{2019}{2}\)khi x=y=z=673
\(T>=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}}\)(bunhiacopxki dạng phân thức)
=>\(T>=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y}{2}+\frac{y+z}{2}+\frac{x+z}{2}}\)
=>\(T>=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{4\left(x+yz\right)}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}=\frac{2019}{2}\)
xảy ra dấu= khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z=\frac{2019}{3}\)
\(x^2+xy+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-xy\ge\left(x+y\right)^2-\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\)
(Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+xy+y^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(x+y\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\sqrt{y^2+yz+z^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(y+z\right);\sqrt{z^2+zx+x^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(z+x\right)\)
Suy ra \(M\ge\sqrt{3}\left(x+y+z\right)=\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)