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áp dụng BĐT buniacopxki,ta có:\(\left(x\sqrt{1-y^2}+y\sqrt{1-x^2}\right)^2\le\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(1-y^2+1-x^2\right)=\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(2-\left(x^2+y^2\right)\right)\)
↔\(1\le\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(2-\left(x^2+y^2\right)\right)\)
Đặt x2+y2=a(a>=0),ta có:\(1\le a\left(2-a\right)\)↔a2-2a+1\(\ge\)0 hay\(\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\)
dấu = xảy ra khi a=1 do đó x2+y2=1
C.hóa \(x+y=1\) và dùng C-S:
\(VT^2\le\frac{2x}{\left(y+1\right)^2}+\frac{2y}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\le\frac{8}{9}=VP^2\)
\(BDT\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{y}{\left(2-y\right)^2}\le\frac{4}{9}\left(1\right)\)
Ta có BĐT phụ \(\frac{x}{\left(2-x\right)^2}\le\frac{20}{27}x-\frac{4}{27}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{\left(2x-1\right)^2\left(5x-16\right)}{27\left(x-2\right)^2}\le0\) *Đúng*
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại rồi cộng theo vế:
\(VT_{\left(1\right)}\le\frac{20}{27}\left(x+y\right)-\frac{4}{27}\cdot2=\frac{4}{9}=VP_{\left(1\right)}\)
"=" khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Gt\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+2}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x^2+2}\right)\left(y-1+\sqrt{y^2-2y+3}\right)=2\left(x-\sqrt{x^2+2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2\left(y-1+\sqrt{y^2-2y+3}\right)=2\left(x-\sqrt{x^2+2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-\sqrt{x^2+2}+y-1+\sqrt{y^2-2y+3}=0\) (*)
\(\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+2}\right)\left(y-1+\sqrt{y^2-2y+3}\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+2}\right)\left(y-1+\sqrt{y^2-2y+3}\right)\left(y-1-\sqrt{y^2-2y+3}\right)=2\left(y-1-\sqrt{y^2-2y+3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+2}\right).-2=2\left(y-1-\sqrt{y^2+2y+3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y-1-\sqrt{y^2+2y+3}+x+\sqrt{x^2+2}=0\) (2*)
Cộng vế với vế của (*) và (2*) => \(2x+2y-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+3xy=1\)
Ta có:`(x+sqrt{x^2+2})(sqrt{x^2+2}-x)=2`
`<=>sqrt{x^2+2}-x=y-1+sqrt{y^2-2y+3}`
`<=>sqrt{x^2+2}-sqrt{y^2-2y+3}=x+y-1(1)`
CMTT:`sqrt{y^2-2y+3}-(y-1)=x+sqrt{x^2+2}`
`<=>sqrt{y^2-2y+3}-y+1=x+sqrt{x^2+2}`
`<=>sqrt{y^2-2y+3}-sqrt{x^2+2}=x+y-1(2)`
Cộng từng vế (1)(2) ta có:
`2(x+y-1)=0`
`<=>x+y-1=0`
`<=>x+y=1`
`<=>(x+y)^3=1`
`<=>x^3+y^3+3xy(x+y)=1`
`<=>x^3+y^3+3xy=1`(do `x+y=1`)
Bài 1.
Ta có:\(\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+2020}\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+2020}-x\right)=x^2+2020-x^2=2020\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+2020}\right)\left(y+\sqrt{y^2+2020}\right)=\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+2020}\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+2020}-x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow y+\sqrt{y^2+2020}=\sqrt{x^2+2020}-x\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=\sqrt{x^2+2020}-\sqrt{y^2+2020}\) (1)
Ta có:\(\left(y+\sqrt{y^2+2020}\right)\left(\sqrt{y^2+2020}-y\right)=y^2+2020-y^2=2020\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+2020}\right)\left(y+\sqrt{y^2+2020}\right)=\left(y+\sqrt{y^2+2020}\right)\left(\sqrt{y^2+2020}-y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\sqrt{x^2+2020}=\sqrt{y^2+2020}-y\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=\sqrt{y^2+2020}-\sqrt{x^2+2020}\) (2)
Cộng vế với vế của (1) và (2) ta có:
\(2\left(x+y\right)=\sqrt{y^2+2020}-\sqrt{x^2+2020}+\sqrt{x^2+2020}-\sqrt{y^2+2020}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x+y\right)=0\Rightarrow x+y=0\)
Bài 2:
Ta có: (2a+1)(2b+1)=9
nên \(2b+1=\dfrac{9}{2a+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2b=\dfrac{9}{2a+1}-\dfrac{2a+1}{2a+1}=\dfrac{8-2a}{2a+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b=\dfrac{8-2a}{4a+2}=\dfrac{4-a}{2a+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b+2=\dfrac{4-a+4a+2}{2a+1}=\dfrac{3a+6}{2a+1}\)
Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{2a+1}{3a+6}\)
\(=\dfrac{3+2a+1}{3a+6}\)
\(=\dfrac{2a+4}{3a+6}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Lời giải:
$(x+\sqrt{x^2+1})(y+\sqrt{y^2+1})=2$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+\sqrt{x^2+1})(x-\sqrt{x^2+1})(y+\sqrt{y^2+1})=2(x-\sqrt{x^2+1})$
$\Leftrightarrow -(y+\sqrt{y^2+1})=2(x-\sqrt{x^2+1})$
$\Leftrightarrow 2x+\sqrt{y^2+1}=2\sqrt{x^2+1}-y$
$\Rightarrow (2x+\sqrt{y^2+1})^2=(2\sqrt{x^2+1}-y)^2$
$\Leftrightarrow 4x^2+y^2+1+4x\sqrt{y^2+1}=4(x^2+1)+y^2-4y\sqrt{x^2+1}$
$\Leftrightarrow 4(x\sqrt{y^2+1})+y\sqrt{x^2+1})=3$
$\Leftrightarrow 4Q=3$
$\Leftrightarrow Q=\frac{3}{4}$
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2=a\\y-1=b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(a+\sqrt{a^2+1}\right)\left(b+\sqrt{b^2+1}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b+\sqrt{b^2+1}=\sqrt{a^2+1}-a\\a+\sqrt{a^2+1}=\sqrt{b^2+1}-b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+\sqrt{a^2+1}+\sqrt{b^2+1}=\sqrt{a^2+1}+\sqrt{b^2+1}-a-b\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+2+y-1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=-1\)
Lời giải:
$xy+\sqrt{(1+x^2)(1+y^2)}=1$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(1+x^2)(1+y^2)}=1-xy$
$\Rightarrow (1+x^2)(1+y^2)=(1-xy)^2$ (bp 2 vế)
$\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2=-2xy$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-y$.
Khi đó:
$M=(x+\sqrt{1+(-x)^2})(-x+\sqrt{1+x^2})=(\sqrt{1+x^2}+x)(\sqrt{1+x^2}-x)$
$=1+x^2-x^2=1$
\(VT^2=\left(x\sqrt{1-y^2}+y\sqrt{1-x^2}\right)^2\le\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(1-y^2+1-x^2\right)=\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(2-\left(x^2+y^2\right)\right)\)Mà VP =1
Đặt t=x2+y2
\(\Rightarrow t\left(2-t\right)\ge1\Leftrightarrow\left(t-1\right)^2\le0\Rightarrow t-1=0\)
=> t=1
Vậy M =1 khi x =y=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\).