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a.
\(\overrightarrow{u}=2\left(2;1\right)-\left(3;4\right)=\left(1;-2\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{v}=3\left(3;4\right)-2\left(7;2\right)=\left(-5;8\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{w}=5\left(7;2\right)+\left(2;1\right)=\left(37;11\right)\)
b.
\(\overrightarrow{x}=2\left(2;1\right)+\left(3;4\right)-\left(7;2\right)=\left(0;4\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{z}=2\left(2;1\right)-3\left(3;4\right)+\left(7;2\right)=\left(2;-8\right)\)
c.
\(\overrightarrow{w}+\overrightarrow{a}=\overrightarrow{b}-\overrightarrow{c}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{w}=\overrightarrow{b}-\overrightarrow{c}-\overrightarrow{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{w}=\left(3;4\right)-\left(7;2\right)-\left(2;1\right)=\left(-6;1\right)\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x_U-3x_A+x_B=0\\2y_U-3y_A+y_B=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x_U=6\\2y_U=2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{u}=\left(3;1\right)\)
\(b.\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x_U+2x_A+3x_B=3x_C\\3y_U+2y_A+3y_B=3y_C\end{matrix}\right.\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x_U=1\\3y_U=-31\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{u}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3};-\dfrac{31}{3}\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{a}=2\overrightarrow{i}-4\overrightarrow{j}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{a}=\left(2;-4\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{b}=-5\overrightarrow{i}+3\overrightarrow{j}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{b}=\left(-5;3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{u}=2\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}=2\left(2;-4\right)-\left(-5;3\right)=\left(9;-11\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{v}=\left(3;-m\right)\)
Hai vecto đã cho cùng phương khi và chỉ khi:
\(\dfrac{3}{-2}=\dfrac{-m}{1}\Leftrightarrow m=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\overrightarrow{u}+2\overrightarrow{v}-3\overrightarrow{w}+\overrightarrow{x}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{x}=3\overrightarrow{w}-\overrightarrow{u}-2\overrightarrow{v}=3\left(-5;7\right)-\left(2;-5\right)-2\left(3;4\right)=\left(-23;18\right)\)