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1: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
=>\(a=b\cdot k;c=d\cdot k\)
\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk+b}=\dfrac{bk}{b\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
\(\dfrac{c}{c+d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk+d}=\dfrac{dk}{d\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{c}{c+d}\)
2: \(\dfrac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\dfrac{2\cdot bk+b}{bk-2b}=\dfrac{b\left(2k+1\right)}{b\left(k-2\right)}=\dfrac{2k+1}{k-2}\)
\(\dfrac{2c+d}{c-2d}=\dfrac{2dk+d}{dk-2d}=\dfrac{d\left(2k+1\right)}{d\left(k-2\right)}=\dfrac{2k+1}{k-2}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\dfrac{2c+d}{c-2d}\)
3: \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{bk+b}{bk-b}=\dfrac{b\left(k+1\right)}{b\cdot\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\)
\(\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk+d}{dk-d}=\dfrac{d\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)
4: \(\dfrac{5a+3b}{5c+3d}=\dfrac{5\cdot bk+3b}{5dk+3d}=\dfrac{b\left(5k+3\right)}{d\left(5k+3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\dfrac{5a-3b}{5c-3d}=\dfrac{5\cdot bk-3b}{5\cdot dk-3d}=\dfrac{b\left(5k-3\right)}{d\left(5k-3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{5a+3b}{5c+3d}=\dfrac{5a-3b}{5c-3d}\)
a, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)
b, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{5b}{5d}=\dfrac{3a}{4c}=\dfrac{4b}{4d}=\dfrac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}=\dfrac{3a-4b}{3c-4d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)
c, Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot b}{dk\cdot d}=\dfrac{b^2k}{d^2k}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k-1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)
d, Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot dk}{bd}=k^2\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+d^2k^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{k^2\left(b^2+d^2\right)}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\)
Do đó \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:\(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{b.\left(k+1\right)}{d.\left(k+1\right)}\right)^3=\dfrac{b^3}{d^3}\)(1)
Lại có :\(\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b^3k^3+b^3}{d^3k^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b^3.\left(k^3+1\right)}{d^3.\left(k^3+1\right)}=\dfrac{b^3}{d^3}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) => ĐPCM
Từ a/b=c/d
=>a/c=b/d=a+b/c+d
<=>a^3/c^3=b^3/d^3=(a+b)^3(c+d)^3
=a^3+b^3/c^3+d^3
Vậy
(a+b)^3(c+d)^3=a^3+b^3/c^3+d^3 (đpcm)
Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
\(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{b^3}{d^3}\)
\(\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b^3k^3+b^3}{d^3k^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b^3}{d^3}\)
Do đó: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}\)
\(\left(a+b+c+d\right)\left(a-b-c+d\right)=\left(a-b+c-d\right)\left(a+b-c-d\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{a-b+c-d}=\dfrac{a+b-c-d}{a-b-c+d}\)
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau :
\(\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{a-b+c-d}=\dfrac{a+b-c-d}{a-b-c+d}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)+\left(a+b-c-d\right)}{\left(a-b+c-d\right)+\left(a-b-c+d\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)-\left(a+b-c-d\right)}{\left(a-b+c-d\right)-\left(a-b-c+d\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a+2b}{2a-2b}=\dfrac{2c+2d}{2c-2d}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất thêm một lần nữa , có :
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a-b\right)}{\left(c+d\right)+\left(c-d\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{\left(c+d\right)-\left(c-d\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{2b}{2d}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
\(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\left(\frac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^3=\left(\frac{b\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k+1\right)}\right)^3=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^3\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}=\frac{\left(bk\right)^3+b^3}{\left(dk\right)^3+d^3}=\frac{b^3k^3+b^3}{d^3k^3+d^3}=\frac{b^3\left(k^3+1\right)}{d^3\left(k^3+1\right)}=\frac{b^3}{d^3}=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^3\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) & (2)=>\(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\frac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}\)
Đặt a b = c d = k ( k ∈ R ) ⇒ a = k . b ; c = k . d
Ta có: 5 a + 3 b 3 a − 7 b = 5 k b + 3 b 3 k b − 7 b = b 5 k + 3 b 3 k − 7 = 5 k + 3 3 k − 7 ( 1 ) 5 c + 3 d 3 c − 7 d = 5 k d + 3 d 3 k d − 7 d = d 5 k + 3 d 3 k − 7 = 5 k + 3 3 k − 7 ( 2 )
Từ (1), (2) => đpcm