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a. Ta có
\(B=\frac{2011+2012}{2012+2013}=\frac{2011}{2012+2013}+\frac{2012}{2012+2013}.\)
Vì\(\frac{2011}{2012+2013}< \frac{2011}{2012}.\)(1)
\(\frac{2012}{2012+2013}< \frac{2012}{2013}.\)(2)
Cộng vế với vế của 1;2 ta được
\(B=\frac{2011}{2012+2013}+\frac{2012}{2012+2013}< A=\frac{2011}{2012}+\frac{2012}{2013}\)
hay A>B
Do \(\frac{a}{b}< 1\Rightarrow a< b\Rightarrow a.m< b.m\)
Ta có : \(a.\left(b+m\right)=a.b+a.m\)
\(b.\left(a+m\right)=a.b+b.m\)
mà \(a.m< b.m\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(a.b+a.m< a.b+b.m\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(a.\left(b+m\right)< b.\left(a+m\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+m}{b+m}\)
a ) Nếu \(\frac{a}{b}>\frac{a+m}{b+m}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(b+m\right)>b\left(a+m\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+am>ab+bm\)
\(\Leftrightarrow am>bm\)
\(\Rightarrow a>b\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}>1\)
Vậy \(\frac{a}{b}>1\) thì \(\frac{a}{b}>\frac{a+m}{b+m}\)
b ) Vì 237 > 142 => \(\frac{237}{142}>\frac{237+9}{142+9}=\frac{246}{151}\)
Xét hiệu :
\(\frac{a}{b}-\frac{a+m}{b+m}\)
\(=\frac{a\left(b+m\right)}{b\left(b+m\right)}-\frac{\left(a+m\right)b}{\left(b+m\right)b}\)
\(=\frac{a.b+a.m}{b\left(b+m\right)}-\frac{a.b+b.m}{b\left(b+m\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a.b+a.m-a.b+b.m}{b\left(b+m\right)}\)
\(=\frac{m\left(a-b\right)}{b\left(b+m\right)}\)
Vì \(\frac{a}{b}>1,b\in\)N* \(\Rightarrow a>b\Rightarrow a-b>0,m\in\)N*
\(\Rightarrow m\left(a-b\right)>0\); Vì : \(b,m\in\)N* \(\Rightarrow b\left(b+m\right)>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{m\left(a-b\right)}{b\left(b+m\right)}>0\) hay : \(\frac{a}{b}-\frac{a+m}{b+m}>0\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}>\frac{a+m}{b+m}\)
Vậy \(\frac{a}{b}>1,m\in\)N* thì \(\frac{a}{b}>\frac{a+m}{b+m}\)
b, Tự làm
\(\frac{a}{b}\)< 1 <=> a < b <=> a.m < b.m <=> ab + a.m < ab + b.m
<=> a(b + m) < b(a + m)
<=> \(\frac{a}{b}\)< \(\frac{a+m}{b+m}\)