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\(a=3+3^2+3^3+.....+3^{2017}+3^{2018}\)
\(3a=3+3^2+3^3+......+3^{2019}\)
\(3a-a=\left(3+3^2+....+3^{2019}\right)-\left(3+3^2+....+3^{2018}\right)\)
\(a=3^{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow3^{2019}=\left(3^3\right)^{673}\)
\(a=\left(....7\right)^{673}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)tận cùng là 7
2/3A=2/3-(2/3)^2+...+(2/3)^2019-(2/3)^2020
=>5/3A=1-(2/3)^2020
=>A=(3^2020-2^2020)/3^2020:5/3=\(\dfrac{3^{2020}-2^{2020}}{3^{2020}}\cdot\dfrac{3}{5}=\dfrac{3^{2020}-2^{2020}}{5\cdot3^{2019}}\) ko là số nguyên
Ta có:
\(a=1-\frac{2019}{2020}+\left(\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^2-\left(\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^3+...+\left(\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^{2020}\)
=> \(\frac{2019}{2020}.a=\frac{2019}{2020}-\left(\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^2+\left(\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^3-...+\left(\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^{2020}-\left(\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^{2021}\)
Lấy
\(a+\frac{2019}{2020}a=1-\left(\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^{2021}\)
<=> \(a\left(1+\frac{2019}{2020}\right)=\left[1-\left(\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^{2021}\right]\)
<=> \(a.\frac{4039}{2020}=\left[1-\left(\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^{2021}\right]\)
<=> \(a.=\left[1-\left(\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^{2021}\right].\frac{2020}{4039}\)
Vì : \(0< \left(\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^{2021}< 1\)
=> \(0< 1-\left(\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^{2021}< 1\)
và \(0< \frac{2020}{4039}< 1\)
=> \(0< \left[1-\left(\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^{2021}\right].\frac{2020}{4039}< 1\)
=> 0 < a < 1
=> a không phải là một số nguyên.