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\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2____0,4_____________0,2
\(m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(4H_2+Fe_3O_4\rightarrow3Fe+4H_2O\)
0,2_____________0,15____
\(m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
a, nZn = 26/65 = 0,4 (mol)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
nZn = nH2 = 0,4 (mol)
VH2 = 0,4 . 22,4 = 8,96 (l)
b, nFe2O3 = 16/160 = 0,1 (mol)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 -> (t°) 2Fe + 3H2O
LTL: 0,1 < 0,4/3 => H2 dư
nFe = 0,1 . 3 = 0,3 (mol)
mFe = 0,3 . 56 = 16,8 (g)
a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,4--------------------->0,4
=> VH2 = 0,4.22,4 = 8,96 (l)
b)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{3}\) => Fe2O3 hết, H2 dư
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,1---------------->0,2
=> mFe = 0,2.56 = 11,2 (g)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2(mol)\\ a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6(g)\\ c,n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\)
b) mHCl = 14,6 (g)
V H2 = 4,48 (l)
Giải thích các bước:
a) PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2↑
b) nZn = 13 : 65 = 0,2 mol
Theo PTHH: nHCl = 2.nZn = 0,4 mol
mHCl = 0,4 . 36,5 = 14,6(g)
c) nH2 = nZn = 0,2 mol
VH2 = 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48 (l)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
+\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
+\(nH_2=n_{Zn}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
+\(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=1\left(mol\right)\)
+\(V_{H2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(lit\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=1.36,5=36,5\left(gam\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn\) \(+\) \(2\)\(HCl\) → \(ZnCl_2\) \(+\) \(H_2\)
\(0,5\) \(mol\) → \(1\) \(mol\) → \(0,5\)\(mol\) → \(0,5\) \(mol\)
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=n.M=1.36,5=36,4\left(g\right)\)
a.b.
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,05 0,1 0,05 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12l\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65g\)
c.
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)
0,05 0,05 ( mol )
\(m_{Cu}=0,05.64=3,2g\)
a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
_____0,2____0,4___________0,2 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
b, \(V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)
c, \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
____________0,2__2/15 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{15}.56=\dfrac{112}{15}\left(g\right)\)
Số mol của 13 gam Zn:
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
1 : 2 : 1 : 1 (g)
0,2\(\rightarrow\) 0,4 : 0,2 : 0,2 (mol)
a,Khối lượng của 0,4 mol HCl:
\(m_{HCl}=n.M=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
b, Thể tích khí H2:
\(V_{H_2}=n.24,79=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)
\(3H_2+Fe_2O_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
Khối lượng của \(\dfrac{2}{15}\) mol Fe:
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{2}{\dfrac{15}{56}}\approx7,5\left(g\right)\)
1.\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)
2.\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)
0,15 < 0,2 ( mol )
0,15 0,15 ( mol )
\(m_{Cu}=0,15.64=9,6g\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
a: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{52}{65}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n_{HCl}=1.6\left(mol\right)\)
hay \(n_{H_2}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.8\cdot22.4=17.92\left(lít\right)\)
b: \(m_{ZnCl_2}=0.8\cdot136=108.8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0.8\cdot2=1.6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{52}{65}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,8.22,4=17,92\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{HCl}=2.0,8=1,6\left(mol\right)\\ C1:m_{ZnCl_2}=0,8.136=108,8\left(g\right);m_{H_2}=0,8.2=1,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{thu.được}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}=108,8+1,6=110,4\left(g\right)\\ C2:m_{HCl}=1,6.36,5=58,4\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{thu.được}=m_{tham.gia}=m_{Zn}+m_{HCl}=52+58,4=110,4\left(g\right)\)