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\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Br_2}=0.1\cdot2=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
\(0.2..........0.2\)
\(n_{CH_4}=0.3-0.2=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
Câu b anh nghĩ phải là đốt cháy sau đó dẫn sản phẩm vào Ba(OH)2 dư nha .
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(0.1.....................0.1\)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow BaCO_3+H_2O\)
\(.............0.1.......0.1\)
\(m_{BaCO_3}=0.1\cdot197=19.7\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{\downarrow}=\dfrac{35}{100}=0,35mol\Rightarrow n_C=m_{CaCO_3}=0,35mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}CH_4:x\left(mol\right)\\C_2H_2:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\\BTC:x+2y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{tăng}=m_{Br_2}=2n_{C_2H_2}\cdot160=48g\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,05+0,15}\cdot100\%=25\%\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_2}=100\%-25\%=75\%\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=x\\n_{C_2H_2}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
x x ( mol )
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)4CO_2+2H_2O\)
y 2y ( mol )
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{35}{100}=0,35mol\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
0,35 0,35 ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,2\\x+2y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{tăng}=2m_{C_2H_2}=2.0,15.160=48g\)
\(V_{CH_4}=0,05.22,4=1,12l\)
\(V_{C_2H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
a.\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=x\\n_{C_2H_4}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
x x ( mol )
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\)
y 2y ( mol )
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{40}{100}=0,4mol\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
0,4 0,4 ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,3\\x+2y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}.100=66,67\%\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_4}=100\%-66,67\%=33,33\%\)
b.\(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
0,1 0,1 ( mol )
\(m_{Br_2}=0,1.160:10\%=160g\)
Bài 7.
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06mol\Rightarrow n_C=0,06mol\Rightarrow m_C=0,72g\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1,62}{18}=0,09mol\Rightarrow n_H=0,18mol\Rightarrow m_H=0,18g\)
Ta có \(m_C+m_H=m_X\Rightarrow X\) chỉ chứa C và H.
Gọi CTHH là \(C_xH_y\)
\(x:y=\dfrac{m_C}{12}:\dfrac{m_H}{1}=\dfrac{0,72}{12}:\dfrac{0,18}{1}=0,06:0,18=1:3\)
\(\Rightarrow CH_3\)
Gọi CTPT là \(\left(CH_3\right)_n\Rightarrow M=15n\) (n∈N*)
Mà theo bài:
\(22< M_X< 38\Rightarrow22< 15n< 38\Rightarrow1,467< n< 2,53\)
\(\Rightarrow n=2\Rightarrow C_2H_6\)
Chất X không làm mất màu dung dịch brom.
\(C_2H_6+Cl_2\underrightarrow{as}C_2H_5Cl+HCl\)
a.\(m_{tăng}=m_{C_2H_4}=2,8g\)
\(V_{khí.thoát.ra}=V_{CH_4}+V_{CO_2}\)
\(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{2,8}{28}=0,1mol\)
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,1 0,2 ( mol )
\(m_{H_2O\left(thu.được\right)}=0,2.18=3,6g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O\left(pứCH_4\right)}=7,2-3,6=3,6g\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{3,6}{18}=0,2mol\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,1 0,2 ( mol )
\(\Rightarrow V_{CH_4}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=3,36-2,24=1,12l\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{C_2H_4}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,24}{2,24+1,12+2,24}.100=40\%\\\%V_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{2,24+1,12+2,24}.100=20\%\\\%V_{C_2H_4}=100\%-40\%-20\%=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CH_4}=0,1.16=1,6g\\m_{CO_2}=0,05.44=2,2g\\m_{C_2H_4}=0,1.28=2,8g\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=1,6+2,2+2,8=6,6g\)
c.\(m_{PE}=28.n_{C_2H_4}.H\%=28.0,1.80\%=2,24g\)
\(m_{tăng}=m_{C_2H_4}=11,2\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{11,2}{28}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
mkết tủa = mCaCO3 = 120 (g)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{120}{100}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Ca(OH)2 + CO2 ---> CaCO3↓ + H2O
1,2<------1,2
CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
1,2<------------------1,2
=> mhh = 1,2.16 + 11,2 = 30,4 (g)
30,4 (g)