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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(R+2HCl\rightarrow RCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.1........0.2................0.1\)
\(M_R=\dfrac{13.7}{0.1}=137\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(R:Ba\)
\(200\left(ml\right)=0.2\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.2}{0.2}=1\left(M\right)\)
nMg = 0,1(mol)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 +H2
nMg = nMgCl2= nH2 = 0,1(mol)
=> mmuối = 9,5(g)
VH2 = 2,24(l)
b) CMHCl = 0,2/0,1=2(M)
Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2
x---2x-----------x
Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2
y------2y-----------y
Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=24\\x+y=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,3 mol, y=0,3 mol
=>%m Fe=\(\dfrac{0,3.56}{24}.100\)=70%
=>%m Mg=100-70=30%
=>VHCl=\(\dfrac{0,3.2+0,3.2}{2}\)=0,6l=600ml
b)
XCl2+2AgNO3->2AgCl+X(NO3)2
0,6--------------------1,2mol
=>m AgCl=1,2.143,5=172,2g
\(m_{HX}=\dfrac{10,95.200}{100}=21,9\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HX --> 2AlX3 + 3H2
0,2--->0,6-------------->0,3
=> \(M_{HX}=\dfrac{21,9}{0,6}=36,5\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> X là Cl
VH2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(l)
Gọi halogen đó là X , CTTQ: CuX2
\(PTHH:Cu+X_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}CuX_2\)
Áp dụng ĐLTL ta có:
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{22,4}{5,6}=\frac{64+2X}{33,75}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=35,5\left(Clo\right)\)
Vậy halogen là Clo ( Clo )
a)
Gọi $n_{Zn} = a(mol) ; n_{Al} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 65a + 27b = 11,9(1)$
$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,1; b = 0,2
$m_{Zn} = 0,1.65 = 6,5(gam)$
$m_{Al} = 0,2.27 = 5,4(gam)$
b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,8(mol)$
$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,8.36,5}{125}.100\% = 23,36\%$
\(4.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.15.....0.3....................0.15\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.15\cdot56=8.4\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.3}{0.5}=0.6\left(M\right)\)
\(5.\)
\(Đặt:n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{hh}=56a+27b=8.3\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(\Rightarrow a+1.5b=0.25\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=b=0.1\)
\(\%Fe=\dfrac{5.6}{8.3}\cdot100\%=67.47\%\)
\(\%Al=32.53\%\)
bạn ơi cho mik hỏi: tại sao lại suy ra: a+1,5b=0,25 vậy ạ ? và cả bước tiếp theo nx ạ ?
Câu 1:
Gọi đơn chất halogen là X2
\(Cu+X_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}CuX_2\)
Ta có:
\(n_X=\frac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)=n_{CuX2}\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{CuX2}=64+2X=\frac{33,75}{0,25}=135\)
\(\Rightarrow X=35,5\left(Clo\right)\)
Halogen là Cl2 - Clo
Câu 2:
\(PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
_______0,15__0,3___0,15___0,15__
\(n_{Fe}=\frac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
a,\(V_{H2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
b, \(CM_{HCl}=\frac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)