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\(n_{Mg}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{N_2O}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn e:
\(2n_{Mg}=8n_{NH_4^+}+8n_{N_2O}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NH_4^+}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\n_{NH_4NO_3}=0,01\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{\text{muối}}=0,08.148+0,01.80=12,64\left(g\right)\)
\(\text{Đ}\text{ặt}:n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Cu}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ Al+6HNO_3\rightarrow Al\left(NO_3\right)_3+3NO_2+3H_2O\\ Cu+4HNO_3\rightarrow Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2+2NO_2+2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+64b=7,75\\3.22,4a+2.22,4b=7,84\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ a,\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,05.27}{7,75}.100\approx17,419\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}\approx82,581\%\\ b,n_{HNO_3}=6a+4b=0,7\left(mol\right)\\ C_{M\text{dd}HNO_3}=\dfrac{0,7}{0,14}=5\left(M\right)\)
Coi B gồm : $Fe(x\ mol) ; O(y\ mol) \Rightarrow 56x + 16y = 8,32(1)$
$n_{NO} = \dfrac{2,688}{22,4} = 0,12(mol)$
Bảo toàn electron : $3n_{Fe} = 2n_O + 3n_{NO}$
$\Rightarrow 3x = 2y + 0,12.3(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra x = 0,14 ; y = 0,03
$n_{Fe(NO_3)_3} = n_{Fe} = 0,14(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m = 0,14.242 = 33,88(gam)$
\(3Ag+4HNO_3\rightarrow3AgNO_3+NO+2H_2O\)
\(Al+4HNO_3\rightarrow Al\left(NO_3\right)_3+NO+2H_2O\)
\(NO\) là sản phẩm khử duy nhất.
\(\Rightarrow n_{NO}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02mol\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27n_{Al}+108n_{Ag}=3,51g\\BTe:3n_{Al}+n_{Ag}=3n_{NO}=0,06\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=0,01mol\\n_{Ag}=0,03mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01\cdot27}{3,51}\cdot100\%=7,7\%\)
\(\%m_{Ag}=100\%-7,7\%=92,3\%\)
a) PTHH: Al + 6 HNO3 -> Al(NO3)3 + 3 NO2 + 3 H2O
x___________6x________x________3x(mol)
Fe + 6 HNO3 -> Fe(NO3)3 + 3 NO2 + 3 H2O
y___6y______y____________3y(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=1,95\\22,4.3x+22,4.3y=2,688\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,01\\y=0,03\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Khối lượng mỗi kim loại trong hỗn hợp ban đầu:
mAl=27x=27 . 0,01=0,27(g)
mFe=56y= 56 . 0,03= 1,68(g)
c) m=m(muối)=mAl(NO3)3 + mFe(NO3)3= 213x+242y=213.0,01+ 242.0,03=9,39(g)
1)
Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Zn + 4HNO3 --> Zn(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O
2)
TN2:
\(n_{NO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 4HNO3 --> Zn(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O
_____0,05<--------------------------0,1
=> nZn = 0,05 (mol)
TN1:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
____0,05--------------------->0,05
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,1<-----------------------0,15
=> m = 0,05.65 + 0,1.27 = 5,95(g)