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PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Dễ thấy \(m_{Cu}=12,8\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{hh}=0,6\cdot56+12,8=46,4\left(g\right)\\C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot98}{196}\cdot100\%=30\%\\m_{FeSO_4}=0,6\cdot152=91,2\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,6\cdot2=1,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{hh}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}-m_{Cu}=228,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{91,2}{228,4}\cdot100\%\approx39,93\%\)
\(Fe + H_2SO_4 \rightarrow FeSO_4 + H_2\)
Chất rắn không tan là Cu ( do Cu không pư \(H_2SO_4\))
\(n_{H_2} =\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6 mol\)
Theo PTHH
\(n_{Fe}= n_{H_2} = 0,6 mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe} = 0,6 . 56=33,6g\)
\(m_{hh}= m_{Fe} + m_{Cu}= 33,6 + 12,8 =46,4g\)
b)
Theo PTHH
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}= 0,6 mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}= 0,6 . 98=58,8g\)
C%\(H_2SO_4\)= \(\dfrac{58,8}{196} . 100\)%= 30%
a) Đặt: nMg=x(mol); nZnO=y(mol)
nH2SO4= 0,2(mol)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
x___________x____x_______x(mol)
ZnO + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2O
y____y______y(mol)
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+81y=12,9\\22,4x=4,48\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
mMg=0,2.24=4,8(g)
%mMg=(4,8/12,9).100=37,209%
=>%mZnO=62,791%
b) nH2SO4=x+y=0,3(mol)
=> \(C\%ddH2SO4=\dfrac{0,3.98}{120}.100=24,5\%\)
a) PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
_____0,02<---0,03<---------------------0,03
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{0,02.27}{2,16}.100\%=25\%\\\%Cu=100\%-25\%=75\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) mH2SO4 = 0,03.98 = 2,94 (g)
=> \(C\%\left(H_2SO_4\right)=\dfrac{2,94}{200}.100\%=1,47\%\)
a.Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
b.\(nH2=\dfrac{4.704}{22.4}=0.21mol\) = nMg
mMg = 0.21\(\times24=5.04g\)
\(\%mMg=\dfrac{5.04\times100}{25}=20.16\%\)
\(\%mAg=100-20.16=79.84\%\)
c.MgSO4 + 2KOH -> K2SO4 + Mg(OH)2
0.21 0.42
H2SO4 + 2KOH -> K2SO4 + H2O
0.04 0.08
\(nH2SO4=\dfrac{9.8\times250}{100\times98}=0.25mol\)
Mà nH2SO4 phản ứng = nH2 = 0.21 mol
\(\Rightarrow nH2SO4dư=0.25-0.21=0.04mol\)
=> nKOH = 0.42 + 0.08 = 0.5mol
\(\Rightarrow CM_{KOH}=\dfrac{0.5}{0.625}=0.8M\)
\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b>0\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=5,1\\1,5a+b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,1}{5,1}.100\approx52,941\%\\\%m_{Mg}\approx47,059\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98.100}{9,8}=250\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=m_{Al,Mg}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=5,1+250-0,25.2=254,6\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342}{254,6}.100\approx6,716\%\\ C\%_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{254,6}.100\approx4,713\%\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,03 0,06 0,03 0,03
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,03 0,06 0,03
a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,03.1}{1}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,03.24=0,72\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{MgO}=1,92-0,72=1,2\left(g\right)\)
b) Có : \(m_{MgO}=1,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{1,12}{40}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,06+0,06=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
400ml = 0,4l
\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,12}{0,4}=0,3\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{MgCl2\left(tổng\right)}=0,03+0,03=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{MgCl2}}=\dfrac{0,06}{0,4}=0,15\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
Vì Ag không tác dụng với H2SO4 loãng
Pt : \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2|\)
2 3 1 3
0,3 0,45
\a) Chất rắn không tan là Ag nên :
\(m_{Ag}=5,4\left(g\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Al}=13,5-5,4=8,1\left(g\right)\)
0/0Al = \(\dfrac{8,1.100}{13,5}=60\)0/0
0/0Ag = \(\dfrac{5,4.100}{13,5}=40\)0/0
b) Có : \(m_{Al}=8,1\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,3.3}{2}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt