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`x+my=m+1=>x=m+1-my` thế vào dưới
`=>m(m+1-my)+y-3m+1=0`
`<=>m^2+m-my^2+y-3m-1`
`=>y(1-m^2)=2m-1-m^2`
Hệ có no duy nhất
`=>1-m^2 ne 0=>m ne +-1`
`=>y=(-1+2m-m^2)/(1-m^2)=(m-1)/(m+1)`
`=>x=m+1-my=((m+1)^2-m(m-1))/(m+1)=(3m+1)/(m+1)`
`=>xy=((3m+1)(m-1))/(m+1)^2=(3m^2-2m-1)/(m+1)^2`
Xét `xy+1`
`=(3m^2-2m-1+m^2+2m+1)/(m+1)^2=(4m^2)/(m+1)^2`
`=>xy+1>=0=>xy>=-1`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `m=0`
Lời giải:
Từ PT$(1)\Rightarrow x=m+1-my$. Thay vô PT(2):
$m(m+1-my)+y=3m-1$
$\Leftrightarrow y(1-m^2)+m^2+m=3m-1$
$\Leftrightarrow y(1-m^2)=-m^2+2m-1(*)$
Để hpt có nghiệm $(x,y)$ duy nhất thì pt $(*)$ cũng phải có nghiệm $y$ duy nhất
Điều này xảy ra khi $1-m^2\neq 0\Leftrightarrow m\neq \pm 1$
Khi đó: $y=\frac{-m^2+2m-1}{1-m^2}=\frac{-(m-1)^2}{-(m-1)(m+1)}=\frac{m-1}{m+1}$
$x=m+1-my=m+1-\frac{m(m-1)}{m+1}=\frac{3m+1}{m+1}$
Có:
$x+y=\frac{m-1}{m+1}+\frac{3m+1}{m+1}=\frac{4m}{m+1}<0$
$\Leftrightarrow -1< m< 0$
Kết hợp với đk $m\neq \pm 1$ suy ra $-1< m< 0$ thì thỏa đề.
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+my=2\\mx-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-my\\m\left(2-my\right)-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-my\\2m-m^2y-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-my\\2m-\left(m^2y+2y\right)=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-my\\m^2y+2y=2m-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-my\\y\left(m^2+2\right)=2m-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-my\\y=\dfrac{2m-1}{m^2+2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-\dfrac{m\cdot\left(2m-1\right)}{m^2+2}\\y=\dfrac{2m-1}{m^2+2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2m^2+4-2m^2+m}{m^2+2}=\dfrac{m+4}{m^2+2}\\y=\dfrac{2m-1}{m^2+2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tới đây bạn tự làm tiếp nhé
Để hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất thì \(\dfrac{1}{m}\ne\dfrac{m}{1}\)
=>\(m^2\ne1\)
=>\(m\notin\left\{1;-1\right\}\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+my=m+1\\mx+y=3m-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mx+m^2y=m^2+m\\mx+y=3m-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y\left(m^2-1\right)=m^2+m-3m+1\\x+my=m+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{m^2-2m+1}{\left(m-1\right)\left(m+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(m-1\right)^2}{\left(m-1\right)\cdot\left(m+1\right)}=\dfrac{m-1}{m+1}\\x=m+1-my\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{m-1}{m+1}\\x=m+1-\dfrac{m^2-m}{m+1}=\dfrac{m^2+2m+1-m^2+m}{m+1}=\dfrac{3m+1}{m+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Để x,y đều là số nguyên thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m-1⋮m+1\\3m+1⋮m+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m+1-2⋮m+1\\3m+3-2⋮m+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2⋮m+1\\-2⋮m+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(m+1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)
=>\(m\in\left\{0;-2;1;-3\right\}\)
mà \(m\notin\left\{1;-1\right\}\)
nên \(m\in\left\{0;-2;-3\right\}\)
a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m^2x-my=2m\\x+my=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(m^2+1\right)x=2m+1\\y=\dfrac{1-x}{m}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2m+1}{m^2+1}\\y=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{2m+1}{m^2+1}}{m}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2m+1}{m^2+1}\\y=\dfrac{\dfrac{m^2+1-2m-1}{m^2+1}}{m}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2m+1}{m^2+1}\\y=\dfrac{\dfrac{m^2-2m}{m^2+1}}{m}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2m+1}{m^2}\\y=\dfrac{m^2-2m}{m^2+1}:m=\dfrac{m\left(m-2\right)}{m\left(m^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{m-2}{m^2+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Để hpt có nghiệm duy nhất khi \(\dfrac{m}{1}\ne-\dfrac{1}{m}\Leftrightarrow m^2\ne-1\left(luondung\right)\)
\(\dfrac{2m+1}{m^2}+\dfrac{m-2}{m^2+1}=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2m+1\right)\left(m^2+1\right)+m^2\left(m-2\right)=-m^2\left(m^2+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2m^3+2m+m^2+1+m^3-2m^2=-m^4-m^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3m^3-m^2+2m+1=-m^4-m^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m^4+3m^3+2m+1=0\)
bạn tự giải nhé
Để hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất thì \(\dfrac{1}{m}\ne\dfrac{m}{1}\)
=>\(m^2\ne1\)
=>\(m\notin\left\{1;-1\right\}\)
Khi \(m\notin\left\{1;-1\right\}\) thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+my=m+1\\mx+y=2m\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+1-my\\m\left(m+1-my\right)+y=2m\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+1-my\\m^2+m-m^2y+y-2m=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y\left(-m^2+1\right)=-m^2+m\\x=m+1-my\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{m^2-m}{m^2-1}=\dfrac{m\left(m-1\right)}{\left(m-1\right)\left(m+1\right)}=\dfrac{m}{m+1}\\x=m+1-\dfrac{m^2}{m+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{m}{m+1}\\x=\dfrac{\left(m+1\right)^2-m^2}{m+1}=\dfrac{2m+1}{m+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Để \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>=2\\y>=1\end{matrix}\right.\) thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2m+1}{m+1}>=2\\\dfrac{m}{m+1}>=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2m+1-2\left(m+1\right)}{m+1}>=0\\\dfrac{m-m-1}{m+1}>=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2m+1-2m-2}{m+1}>=0\\\dfrac{-1}{m+1}>=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{1}{m+1}>=0\\-\dfrac{1}{m+1}>=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow m+1< 0\)
=>m<-1