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\(u_{n+1}=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(u_n-\dfrac{n+4}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(u_n-\dfrac{3}{n+1}+\dfrac{2}{n+2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow u_{n+1}-\dfrac{3}{n+1+1}=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(u_n-\dfrac{3}{n+1}\right)\)
Đặt \(u_n-\dfrac{3}{n+1}=v_n\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v_1=u_1-\dfrac{3}{2}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\v_{n+1}=\dfrac{3}{2}v_n\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow v_n\) là CSN với công bội \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow v_n=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^{n-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow u_n=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^{n-1}+\dfrac{3}{n+1}\)
1:
a: \(u_2=2\cdot1+3=5;u_3=2\cdot5+3=13;u_4=2\cdot13+3=29;\)
\(u_5=2\cdot29+3=61\)
b: \(u_2=u_1+2^2\)
\(u_3=u_2+2^3\)
\(u_4=u_3+2^4\)
\(u_5=u_4+2^5\)
Do đó: \(u_n=u_{n-1}+2^n\)
\(u_{n+1}=\dfrac{2}{3}u_n+\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow u_{n+1}-2=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(u_n-2\right)\)
Đặt \(u_n-2=v_n\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v_1=u_1-2=1\\v_{n+1}=\dfrac{2}{3}v_n\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow v_n\) là CSN với công bội \(q=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow v_n=1.\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^{n-1}=\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^{n-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow u_n=v_n+2=\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^{n-1}+2\)
\(u_2=\sqrt{2}\left(2+3\right)-3=5\sqrt{2}-3\)
\(u_3=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2}}.5\sqrt{2}-3=5\sqrt{3}-3\)
\(u_4=\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{3}}.5\sqrt{3}-3=5\sqrt{4}-3\)
....
\(\Rightarrow u_n=5\sqrt{n}-3\)
\(\Rightarrow\lim\limits\dfrac{u_n}{\sqrt{n}}=\lim\limits\dfrac{5\sqrt{n}-3}{\sqrt{n}}=5\)
\(\dfrac{1}{u_n-1}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{2^n-5^n}{2^n+5^n}-1}=\dfrac{2^n+5^n}{-2.5^n}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^n+1\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow S_n=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^1+\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^2+...+\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^n+n\right]\)
Lại có: \(\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^1+\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^2+...+\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^n=\dfrac{2}{5}.\dfrac{1-\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^n}{1-\dfrac{2}{5}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left[1-\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^n\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow S_n=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^n+n\right]=...\)