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giải:
ad - bc = 1 nên ad lớn hơn ac 1 đơn vị
=> bc - ad = -1
so sánh: \(y\)và \(t=\frac{a+m}{b+m}\)
ta so sánh: \(\frac{c}{d}\)và \(\frac{a+m}{b-m}\)
ta xét hiệu của \(\left[c\left(b-m\right)\right]-\left[d\left(a+m\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(bc+cn\right)-\left(ad+md\right)\)
\(=bc+cn-ad-md\)
\(=\left(bc-ad\right)+\left(cn-md\right)\)
\(=-1+0\)
\(=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(c\left(b+n\right)< d\left(a+m\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{c}{d}< \frac{a+m}{b+n}\)
vậy \(y< t\)
bài 3:
a, đặt \(\dfrac{x}{12}=\dfrac{y}{9}=\dfrac{z}{5}=k\)
=>x=12k,y=9k,z=5k
ta có: ayz=20=> 12k.9k.5k=20
=> (12.9.5)k^3=20
=>540.k^3=20
=>k^3=20/540=1/27
=>k=1/3
=>x=12.1/3=4
y=9.1/3=3
z=5.1/3=5/3
vậy x=4,y=3,z=5/3
b,ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{z}{3}=\dfrac{x^2}{25}=\dfrac{y^2}{49}=\dfrac{z^2}{9}\)
A/D tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{z}{3}=\dfrac{x^2}{25}=\dfrac{y^2}{49}=\dfrac{z^2}{9}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2-z^2}{25+49-9}=\dfrac{585}{65}=9\)
=>x=5.9=45
y=7.9=63
z=3*9=27
vậy x=45,y=63,z=27
2)\(x+y+z=9^2=81\)
Ta có:\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{20}\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{7}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{28}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{28}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{28}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{15+20+28}=\dfrac{81}{63}=\dfrac{9}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{135}{7};y=\dfrac{180}{7};z=36\)
\(\dfrac{x}{3}-\dfrac{1}{y}=1;xy-3=y;y\left(x-1\right)=3\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\left\{-3;-1;1;3\right\}\\x-1=\left\{-1;-3;3;1\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(x;y\right)=\left(0;-3\right);\left(-2;-1\right);\left(4;1\right);\left(2;3\right)\)
(Sửa \(cn-bm\rightarrow cn-dm\))
Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ad-bc=1\\cn-dm=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ad=1+bc\\cn=1+dm\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{d}{c}=\dfrac{ad}{bc}=\dfrac{1+bc}{bc}=1+\dfrac{1}{bc}>1\left(bc>0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{a}{b}>y=\dfrac{c}{d}\left(2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{c}{d}.\dfrac{n}{m}=\dfrac{cn}{dm}=\dfrac{1+dm}{dm}=1+\dfrac{1}{dm}>1\left(dc>0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{c}{d}>z=\dfrac{m}{n}\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\Rightarrow x>y>z\)