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Ta có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2-3ab\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\cdot\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(N=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b}{b}\cdot\dfrac{b+c}{c}\cdot\dfrac{a+c}{a}\)
Trường hợp 1: a+b+c=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\a+c=-b\\b+c=-a\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow N=\dfrac{-c}{b}\cdot\dfrac{-a}{c}\cdot\dfrac{-b}{a}=\dfrac{-\left(a\cdot b\cdot c\right)}{a\cdot b\cdot c}=-1\)
Trường hợp 2: a=b=c
\(\Leftrightarrow N=\dfrac{b+b}{b}\cdot\dfrac{a+a}{a}\cdot\dfrac{c+c}{c}=2\cdot2\cdot2=8\)
1, Ta có a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc
-> a^3+b^3+c^3+3a^2b+3ab^2=3abc+3a^2b+3ab^2
-> (a+b)3 + c^3 - 3ab(a+b+c)=0
-> (a+b+c). ((a+b)^2-(a+b).c+c^2)-3ab(a+b+c)=0
-> (a+b+c)(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2-3ab)=0
Th1: a+b+c=0
->P= a+b/2 . b+c/2 . c+a/2
= (-c)(-a)(-b)/2=-1
TH2 a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0
->2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-abc-2ac=0
->(a^2-2ab+b^2)+(a^2-2ac+c^2)+(b^2-2bc+c^2)=0
-> (a-b)^2+(a-c)^2+(b-c)^2=0
Mà (a-b)^2+(a-c)^2+(b-c)^2>= 0
Dấu = xảy ra (=)a-b=0
b-c=0
a-c=0
-> a=b=c
->P= 1+a/b+1+b/c+1+c/a=2+2+2= 8
Đặt \(P=\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ca\right)^2}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{c\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+a\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}\) (BĐT B.C.S)
\(=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\) \(\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{abbcca}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) (do \(abc=1\)).
ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
thử bài bất :D
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}.\dfrac{a^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) ( AM-GM cho 5 số ) (*)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{c+a}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}.\dfrac{b^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (**)
\(\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}.\dfrac{c^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (***)
Cộng (*),(**),(***) vế theo vế ta được:
\(P+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow P+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\)
Mà: \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\) ( AM-GM 3 số )
Từ đây: \(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{15}{2}-2\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
1. \(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=2\left(c^3-d^3\right)+c^3+d^3=3c^3-d^3\) :D
Có:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\\\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\\\Leftrightarrow (a+b)^3+c^3-3ab(a+b)-3abc=0\\\Leftrightarrow (a+b+c)^3-3(a+b)c(a+b+c)-3ab(a+b+c)=0\\\Leftrightarrow (a+b+c)[(a+b+c)^2-3(a+b)c-3ab]=0\\\Leftrightarrow (a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac-3ac-3bc-3ab)=0\\\Leftrightarrow (a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac)=0\\\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0(vì.a+b+c\ne0)\\\Leftrightarrow 2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac=0\\\Leftrightarrow (a^2-2ab+b^2)+(b^2-2bc+c^2)+(a^2-2ac+c^2)=0\\\Leftrightarrow (a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(a-c)^2=0\)
Ta thấy: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\forall b,c\\\left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\forall a,c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b,c\)
Mà: \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=0\)
nên: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\a-c=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\\a=c\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Thay \(a=b=c\) vào \(A\), ta được:
\(A=\dfrac{\left(2016+\dfrac{a}{a}\right)+\left(2016+\dfrac{b}{b}\right)+\left(2016+\dfrac{c}{c}\right)}{2017^3}\left(a,b,c\ne0\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{2016+1+2016+1+2016+1}{2017^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{2016\cdot3+1\cdot3}{2017^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\cdot\left(2016+1\right)}{2017^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{2017^2}\)
Vậy: ...
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM cho các số dương ta có:
\(\frac{a^3}{(a+1)(b+1)}+\frac{a+1}{8}+\frac{b+1}{8}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{64}}=\frac{3a}{4}\)
\(\frac{b^3}{(b+1)(c+1)}+\frac{b+1}{8}+\frac{c+1}{8}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{b^3}{64}}=\frac{3b}{4}\)
\(\frac{c^3}{(c+1)(a+1)}+\frac{c+1}{8}+\frac{a+1}{8}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{c^3}{64}}=\frac{3c}{4}\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a^3}{(a+1)(b+1)}+\frac{b^3}{(b+1)(c+1)}+\frac{c^3}{(c+1)(a+1)}+\frac{a+b+c+3}{4}\geq \frac{3}{4}(a+b+c)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{a^3}{(a+1)(b+1)}+\frac{b^3}{(b+1)(c+1)}+\frac{c^3}{(c+1)(a+1)}+\frac{3}{2}\geq \frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{a^3}{(a+1)(b+1)}+\frac{b^3}{(b+1)(c+1)}+\frac{c^3}{(c+1)(a+1)}\geq \frac{3}{4}\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Bài này đã có ở đây:
Cho abc=1CMR\(\dfrac{a+3}{\left(a+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{b+3}{\left(b+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{c+3}{\left(c+1\right)^2}\ge3\) - Hoc24
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\Leftrightarrow a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3+c^3-3a^2b-3ab^2=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-ac-bc\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\a+c=-b\\b+c=-a\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(M=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)}{b}.\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)}{c}.\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)}{a}=\dfrac{-c}{b}.\dfrac{-a}{c}.\dfrac{-b}{a}=\dfrac{-abc}{abc}=-1\)
TH2: \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(M=\left(\dfrac{a}{a}+1\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{a}+1\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{a}+1\right)=2.2.2=8\)