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\(a^2+b^2-ab\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b^2-bc+c^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c^2-ca+a^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{1+ab-c^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+b^2+ab}}\)\(=\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)\left(ab+c^2+c^2\right)}}\)\(\ge\dfrac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+2ab+2c^2}\)\(\ge\dfrac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)+2c^2}\)\(=\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{1+ab-c^2}}\ge ab+2c^2\)
Tương tự: \(\sqrt{\dfrac{bc+2a^2}{1+bc-a^2}}\ge bc+2a^2\); \(\sqrt{\dfrac{ac+2b^2}{1+ac-b^2}}\ge ac+2b^2\)
Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow VT\ge2a^2+2b^2+2c^2+ab+bc+ac=2+ab+bc+ac\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(P=\frac{2a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ac}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+ab+bc+ac}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+ab+bc+ac}}\\ =\frac{2a}{\sqrt{(a+b)(a+c)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{(b+c)(b+a)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{(c+a)(c+b)}}\)
\(\leq \frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{4(b+c)}+\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{c}{4(c+b)}+\frac{c}{c+a}\)
\(=(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+a})+(\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+c})+\frac{1}{4}(\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{b+c})=1+1+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{9}{4}\)
Vậy $P_{\max}=\frac{9}{4}$
Ta có : \(b=\dfrac{c+a}{2}\Rightarrow2b=c+a\Rightarrow a-b=b-c\)
Dó đó : \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(P=\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}}{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}\right)}\right]\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(P=\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{a-b}+\dfrac{\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}}{b-c}\right]\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(P=\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{b-c}+\dfrac{\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}}{b-c}\right]\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\) Vì \(\left(a-b=b-c\right)\)
\(P=\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}}{b-c}\right]\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{c}}{b-c}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(P=\dfrac{a-c}{a-b}=\dfrac{a-c}{a-\dfrac{a+c}{2}}=\dfrac{a-c}{\dfrac{2a-a-c}{2}}=\dfrac{a-c}{\dfrac{a-c}{2}}=2\)
Đề bài sai
Đề đúng: \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{c}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c}+2\sqrt{a}+3}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(a^2-ab+b^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Với \(ab+bc+ca=1\) và a,b,c>0 ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a^2+1}=\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}\\\sqrt{b^2+1}=\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}\\\sqrt{c^2+1}=\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\). Do đó:
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{a^2+1}.\sqrt{b^2+1}}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}=a+b\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{\sqrt{b^2+1}.\sqrt{c^2+1}}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=b+c\) ; \(\dfrac{\sqrt{c^2+1}.\sqrt{a^2+1}}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}=c+a\)
\(\Rightarrow P=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2=4\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge4.3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=4.3.1=12\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge2\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Vậy \(MinP=2\sqrt{3}\)