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1.
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\left(ab-1\right)^2=a^2b^2-2ab+1=a^2b^2-a^2-b^2+1+a^2+b^2-2ab\)
\(=\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\left(bc-1\right)^2\ge\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\)
\(\left(ca-1\right)^2\ge\left(c^2-1\right)\left(a^2-1\right)\)
Do \(a;b;c\ge1\) nên 2 vế của các BĐT trên đều không âm, nhân vế với vế:
\(\left[\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\right]^2\ge\left[\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\right]^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Câu 2 em kiểm tra lại đề có chính xác chưa
2.
Câu 2 đề thế này cũng làm được nhưng khá xấu, mình nghĩ là không thể chứng minh bằng Cauchy-Schwaz được, phải chứng minh bằng SOS
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(c=max\left\{a;b;c\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\ge0\) (1)
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{a+b}{bc+a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{b+c}{ac+b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{c+a}{ab+c^2}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b\left(c-a\right)}{a^3+abc}+\dfrac{c\left(a-b\right)}{b^3+abc}+\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{c^3+abc}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)+a\left(c-b\right)}{a^3+abc}+\dfrac{c\left(a-b\right)}{b^3+abc}+\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{c^3+abc}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c\left(b-a\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3+abc}-\dfrac{1}{b^3+abc}\right)+a\left(c-b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3+abc}-\dfrac{1}{c^3+abc}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)\left(b^3-a^3\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(b^3+abc\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)\left(c^3-a^3\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(c^3+abc\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(b^3+abc\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+ac+c^2\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(c^3+abc\right)}\ge0\)
Đúng theo (1)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(A=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}+\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{bc}+\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{ca}\)
\(B=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
..................................
\(A=\dfrac{a^2+b^2-2ab}{ab}+\dfrac{b^2-2ab+c^2}{bc}+c^2+a^2-\dfrac{2ca}{ca}\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}-2\right)+\left(\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{b}-2\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{a}{c}-2\right)=\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)}{a}+\dfrac{a+c}{b}+\dfrac{a+b}{c}-6\)
\(A=\left[\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)}{a}+1\right]+\left[\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)}{b}+1\right]+\left[\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)}{c}+1\right]-9\)
\(A=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{a}+\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{b}+\left[\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{c}\right]-9\)
\(A=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)-9\)
Ket luan
\(A\ne B\) => đề sai--> hoặc mình công trừ sai
\(B=\dfrac{bc}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{ac}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{ab}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
\(=-\dfrac{bc\left(b-c\right)+ca\left(c-a\right)+ab\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=-\dfrac{bc\left(b-c\right)+ca\left[-\left(b-c\right)-\left(a-b\right)\right]+ab\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=-\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)\left(bc-ca\right)+\left(a-b\right)\left(ab-ca\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=-\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)c\left(b-a\right)+\left(a-b\right)a\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=-\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=1\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(B=\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\right)-abc\left(\dfrac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}{a^2b^2c^2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2-\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}{abc}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}{abc}\)
\(=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca=2\)
Áp dụng BĐT C-S:
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+4}{3-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
Đặt \(a^2+b^2+c^2=x\)
Ta cần c/m: \(\dfrac{x+4}{3-x}\ge6\Leftrightarrow x+4\ge18-6x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\ge2\) (đúng)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\pm\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{3}}\)
Lời giải:
Thực hiện khai triển hằng đẳng thức ta có:
\((a-\frac{4}{3})^2+(b-\frac{4}{3})^2+(c-\frac{4}{3})^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+\frac{16}{3}-\frac{8}{3}(a+b+c)\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+\frac{16}{3}-\frac{8}{3}.2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
Mà:\(a+b+c=2\Rightarrow (a+b+c)^2=4\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=4-2(ab+bc+ac)\)
Vậy: \((a-\frac{4}{3})^2+(b-\frac{4}{3})^2+(c-\frac{4}{3})^2=4-2(ab+bc+ac)\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{2-(ab+bc+ac)}{(a-\frac{4}{3})^2+(b-\frac{4}{3})^2+(c-\frac{4}{3})^2}=\frac{2-(ab+bc+ac)}{4-2(ab+bc+ac)}=\frac{1}{2}\)