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b: Ta có: \(N=a^3+b^3+3ab\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+3ab\)
\(=1-3ab+3ab\)
=1
Ta có: \(x+y=7\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=49\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+2xy=49\)
Mà: \(x^2+y^2=25\Rightarrow2xy=24\Rightarrow xy=12\)
\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=7\left(25-12\right)=91\)
(Vì\(x+y=7;x^2+y^2=25;xy=12\))
Xét tứ giác ABCD có
AB=BC=CD=AD
nên ABCD là hình thoi
Suy ra: \(\widehat{A}=\widehat{C}\)
mà \(\widehat{A}=\widehat{B}\)
nên \(\widehat{B}=\widehat{C}=90^0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\widehat{A}=\widehat{D}=90^0\)
a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
⇒ a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = 0
⇒ ( a3 + b3 ) + c3 - 3abc = 0
⇒ ( a + b )3 - 3ab( a + b ) + c3 - 3abc = 0
⇒ [ ( a + b )3 + c3 ] - [ 3ab( a + b ) + 3abc ] = 0
⇒ ( a + b + c )[ ( a + b )2 - ( a + b ).c + c2 ] - 3ab( a + b + c ) = 0
⇒ ( a + b + c )( a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac ) = 0
Vì a + b + c ≠ 0
⇒ a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac = 0
⇒ 2( a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac ) = 0
⇒ 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2bc - 2ac = 0
⇒ ( a2 - 2ab + b2 ) + ( b2 - 2bc + c2 ) + ( a2 - 2ac + c2 ) = 0
⇒ ( a - b )2 + ( b - c )2 + ( a - c )2 = 0
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\\\left(b-c\right)^2\\\left(a-c\right)^2\end{cases}}\ge0\forall a,b,c\)⇒ ( a - b )2 + ( b - c )2 + ( a - c )2 ≥ 0 ∀ a,b,c
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c
Khi đó \(N=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{a^2+a^2+a^2}{\left(a+a+a\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{\left(3a\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{9a^2}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Từ \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^3-3\left(a+b\right).c\left(a+b+c\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b+c\right)^2-3\left(a+b\right)c-3ab\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca-3ab-3bc-3ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]=0\)
Vì \(a+b+c\ne0\)\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\), \(\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\), \(\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)\(\forall a,b,c\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)\(\forall a,b,c\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Thay \(a=b=c\)vào N ta có: \(N=\frac{3a^2}{\left(3a\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{9a^2}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy \(N=\frac{1}{3}\)
Sửa đề: Cho \(a^2+b^2+c^2=m\)
Tính: \(A=\left(2a+2b-c\right)^2+\left(2b+2c-a\right)^2+\left(2c+2a-b\right)^2\)
Giải:
Ta có: \(\left(x+y-z\right)^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right).z+z^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy-2xz-2yz\)
Ứng dụng vào bài trên:
\(A=\left[\left(2a\right)^2+\left(2b\right)^2+c^2+2\left(2a\right)\left(2b\right)-2\left(2a\right)c-2\left(2b\right)c\right]\)
\(+\left[\left(2b\right)^2+\left(2c\right)^2+a^2+2\left(2b\right)\left(2c\right)-2\left(2b\right)a-2\left(2c\right)a\right]\)
\(+\left[\left(2c\right)^2+\left(2a\right)^2+b^2+2\left(2c\right)\left(2a\right)-2\left(2c\right)b-2\left(2a\right)b\right]\)
\(=4a^2+4b^2+c^2+8ab-4ac-4bc\)
\(+4b^2+4c^2+a^2+8bc-4ba-4ca\)
\(+4c^2+4a^2+b^2+8ca-4cb-4ab\)
\(=9a^2+9b^2+9c^2=9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(=9m\).
\(\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2-5x+1\right)-x\left(x^2+11\right)=x^3-5x^2+x-2x^2+10x-2-x^3-11x=-7x^2-2\)