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Ta có : \(\frac{bz-cy}{a}=\frac{cx-az}{b}=\frac{ay-bx}{c}\)
\(=\frac{abz-acy}{a^2}=\frac{bcx-abz}{b^2}=\frac{acy-bcx}{c^2}=\frac{abz-acy+bcx-abz+acy-bcx}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=0\)
=> \(\frac{bz-cy}{a}=0\)=> bz - cy = 0 => bz = cy hay \(\frac{z}{c}=\frac{y}{b}\left(1\right)\)
=> \(\frac{cx-az}{b}=0\)=> cx - az = 0 => cx = az hay \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{z}{c}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\)
giả sử
\(\frac{bz-cy}{a}=\frac{cx-az}{b}=\frac{ay-bx}{c}\)
ta có:\(\text{}\text{}\text{}\text{}\text{}\frac{bz-cy}{a}=\frac{cx-az}{b}=\frac{ay-bx}{c}=\frac{bxz-cyx}{ax}=\frac{cxy-ayz}{by}=\frac{ayz-bxz}{cz}=\frac{bxz-cyx+cxy-ayz+ayz-bxz}{ax+by+cz}=0\)
\(\frac{bz-cy}{a}=0\Rightarrow bz=cy\Rightarrow\frac{z}{c}=\frac{y}{b}\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{cx-az}{b}=0\Rightarrow cx=az\Rightarrow\frac{z}{c}=\frac{x}{a}\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{ay-bx}{c}=0\Rightarrow ay=bx\Rightarrow\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}\left(3\right)\)
từ (1),(2),(3) => \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\)
=> điều giả sử đúng => đpcm
\(\frac{bz-cy}{a}=\frac{cx-az}{b}=\frac{ay-bx}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{abz-acy}{a^2}=\frac{bcx-abz}{b^2}=\frac{acy-bcx}{c^2}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau , ta có :
\(\frac{abz-acy}{a^2}=\frac{bcx-abz}{b^2}=\frac{acy-bcx}{c^2}=\frac{abz-acy+bcx-abz+acy-bcx}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\frac{0}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}bz-cy=0\\cx-az=0\\ay-bx=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}bz=cy\\cx=az\\ay=bx\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\\\frac{x}{a}=\frac{z}{c}\\\frac{y}{b}=\frac{x}{a}\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\)
* C1 :(bz - cy)/a = (abz - acy)/a2
(cx - az)/b = (bcx - abz)/b2
(ay - bx)/c = (acy - bcx)/c2
Mà (bz - cy)/a = (cx - az)/b = (ay - bx)/c
=>(abz - acy)/a2 = (bcx - abz)/b2 = (acy - bcx)/c2 = (abz - acy + bcx - abz + acy - bcx)/a2 + b2 + c2 = 0
=>(bz - cy)/a = (cx - az)/b = (ay - bx)/c = 0
=>bz - cy = cx - az = ay - bx = 0
*Xét bz - cy = 0
=>bz = cy
=>z/c = y/b
Chứng minh tương tự = >x/a = y/b ; x/a = z/c
=> x/a = y/b = z/c
*C2 :
(bz - cy)/a = (abz - acy)/ax
(cx - az)/by = (bcx - abz)/by
(ay - bx)/cz = (acy - bcx)/cz
Làm tương tự như C1
Đặt \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=k\Rightarrow x=ak,y=bk,z=ck\)
Ta có: \(\frac{bz-cy}{a}=\frac{bck-bck}{a}=0\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{cx-az}{y}=\frac{cak-cak}{y}=0\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{ay-bx}{c}=\frac{abk-abk}{c}=0\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1),(2),(3) => đpcm
\(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}\Rightarrow bx=ay\Rightarrow ay-bx=0\Rightarrow\frac{ay-bx}{c}=0\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{z}{c}\Rightarrow cx=az\Rightarrow cx-az=0\Rightarrow\frac{cx-az}{b}=0\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\Rightarrow cy=bz\Rightarrow bz-cy=0\Rightarrow\frac{bz-cy}{a}=0\left(3\right)\)
\(\text{Từ (1);(2) và (3) suy ra: }\frac{bz-cy}{a}=\frac{cx-az}{b}=\frac{ay-bx}{c}=0\)
